anthropology人类应用学例析.ppt

Anthropology Group 3 What is anthropology? Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. page111 Society Culture Key terms subfield the study of the evolution of the human species 1. Influenced by personality and personal feelings 2. Related subjects are psychology and psychiatry Physical anthropology the study of learned behaviour in human societies Cultural anthropology One of the most famous female anthropology ——Ruth Benedict Ruth Benedict Ruth Fulton Benedict?(June 5, 1887?– September 17, 1948) was an American?anthropologist?and?folklorist whose theories had a profound influence on cultural anthropology, especially in the area of culture and personality. ? Life 1909 She was born in?New York City in 1887, attended?Vassar College?and graduated in 1909. 1919 She entered graduate studies at?Columbia University?in 1919, where she studied under?Franz Boas. She received her?Ph.D.?and joined the faculty in 1923. 1919 In her search for a career, she decided to attend some lectures at the?New School for Social Research?while looking into the possibility of becoming an educational philosopher.?While at the school, she took a class called Sex in Ethnology . She enjoyed the class and took another anthropology course with?Alexander Goldenweiser, a student of noted anthropologist?Franz Boas. With Goldenweiser as her teacher, Ruths love for anthropology steadily grew. works Patterns of Culture The Chrysanthemum and the Sword The Races of Mankind Patterns of Culture Famous Essence Benedicts?Patterns of Culture?(1934) was translated into fourteen languages and was published in many editions as standard reading for anthropology courses in American universities for years. The essential idea in?Patterns of Culture?is, according to the foreword by Margaret Mead, her view of human cultures as personality writ large.“ As Benedict wrote in that book, A culture, like an individual, is a more or less consistent pattern of thought and action more easier “