电大（精新编版）《文学英语赏析》期末复习重点参考资料小抄__2017年度.docVIP

电大《文学英语赏析》期末复习重点参考资料小抄 1. Figures of Speech 修辞格 P15-19 Simile 明喻：one thing is compared with another, usually using the word like, as. Metaphor 暗喻 : when we make a direct comparison between one idea and another unrelated idea. Alliteration 头韵 : when the same consonant sound (辅音) is repeated in words either next to or close to each other. Assonance 半韵 : Assonance refers to the repetition of similar vowel sounds(元音) close to each other. Personification 拟人 ：when a non-animate（无生命） object is given animate（有生命） characteristics. Parallelism 排比 ： when we have an identical structure repeated one or more times. Irony(and Sarcasm) 讽刺 : On one level, a person’s words do not match their intention; on another level, irony refers to the total situation. Puns and wordplay 双关 : 有发音双关和词义双关。 2.句子或单词的正式程度：degrees of formality: very informal – informal—neutral(中性)—formal --- very formal 单词： general(普通) --- specific （特殊） 3. the Short Story 六要素 P29 Plot 情节 ：opening – development --- climax/ crisis (高潮)– anticlimax—coda （结尾） The Sniper (阻击手) ： 小说故事发生地点：on a rooftop near O’Connell Bridge P32 Setting 地点 ： refers to the physical location and the background information about the reason for telling the story and information we may need about the main character or characters P36 Characterization 人物刻画 : appearance ( 外貌) ， dialogue (对话)， behavior(行为) P39 Point of View 角度，视角 ： P41-42 first person narrative 第一人称。代表作：The Paring knife “ I am a camera” third person narrative 照相机式第三人称。代表作： The Sniper third person narrative seen from only one of the characters’ point of view, 代表作：Night third person narrative seen from two or more different characters’ point of view ,代表作：Rosary third person omniscient(无所不知的) narrative, 代表作：Yours 4. Time Structure 时间结构 P44-45 1) the linear (顺叙)：the action proceeds as in real time, one event follows another 代表作：The Sniper , 和 Room for one more 2) the flashback