[中考英语：名词.docVIP

初中英语复习专辑（1）——名词 名词的数 1、可数名词与不可数名词 A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点： 1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单. 2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语 eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [C] A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many There is some_______ on the plate. [B] A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer 2、可数名词的复数 A、不规则变化： man—men ; woman—women ;child—children policeman—policemen Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen foot—feet ; tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice B、规则变化 1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 读 [iz] 2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加 s eg. boxes [b ksiz] blouses [blauziz] 3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz] eg. knives [naivz] 4) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s] 5)一般加s 浊就浊[z] eg. books[buks] pens[penz] babies[beibiz] 但注意以下几点： ① potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes ② 单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese ③ 由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 man doctor — men doctors ④ reef—reefs ⑤ “某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面. eg. German—Germans ⑥ people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念 The police are looking for the missing boy. 3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是 “……的”) A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意： 1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s” Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲 Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲. 2)以s结尾的词只加“ ’ ” eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’ father 3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导 eg. the leg of the desk 4)双重所有格：a friend of my father’s a friend of mine ( √ ) a friend of my( × ) 【2011陕西】1. John wants to be a , so he often helps sick people in the hospital. A. reporter B. doctor C. scientist D. cook B【解析】考查点：：本题考查名词的词义。reporterdoctor“医生”；scientist“科学家”；cook“厨师”。句意为“约翰想要成为一名医生，所有他常常在医院帮助病人”。故选B。 【2011】 Im so hungry. Please give me ______ to eat A. three bread B three pieces of bread C. three pieces of breads D three piece of bread 答案B 【解析】考查可数名词与不可数名词的用法。bread为不可数名词，不加s，也不能直接用数字修饰，排除A和C。量词pie