英语最全修辞手法英语最全修辞手法.doc

英语常用修辞 1.Simile 明喻 　明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。或者说是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. 例如: 1.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2.I wandered lonely as c cloud. 3.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 4.This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. 这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。 5.He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit. 他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。 6.It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。 7.Carlos Lehder was to cocaine transportation what Henry Ford was to cars. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 　隐喻是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage.例如: 1.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets... 德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。 4.The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. 钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。 5.All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players. 6.Money is a bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned. 7.Time is a river, of which memory is the water. Oh my friend, what I scoop up from the river is all yearning of you. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。指两种不同事物并不相似，但又密不可分，因而常用其中一种事物名称代替另一种。就是借用甲来表示乙，但前提条件