数控直流电压源数控流电压源.doc

摘 要 本文描述的控制系统是以直流电压源为核心，ATmega16单片机为主控制器，通过键盘来设置直流电源的输出电压，设置步进等级可达0.1V和0.05V，输出电压范围为0～+9.9V，纹波不大于10mV，最大电流为1.5A，并可由液晶屏显示实际输出电压值、电压设定值和输出电流值，并且还设计了其它电压输出种类。系统有过流和过压保护电路，当输出电流或输出电压过大时系统自动回到初始值，而且有红色指示灯发出警报。本系统由单片机内部寄存器输出PWM脉冲，再经过驱动电路放大PWM脉冲信号，用来控制P沟道开关管IRF9530的通断，从而通过改变输出占空比的变化而输出不同的电压。单片机系统通过内部十位A/D不断检测电源的输出电压，根据电源输出电压与设定值之差，利用片内PWM模块输出PWM波，直接控制电源的工作。同时还设计了一个电子负载，用于测试上述电源的负载调整率，电子负载恒定电流的可调范围为0.1～1.5A。在设计本系统过程中考虑了可能影响系统误差诸多因素，如稳压电源的稳定性、脉宽调制信号的频率引起的频率噪声、共地干扰以及不同用途电源之间的干扰等，因此采取了减小误差比较有效的措施。所以本系统能达到设计的目的，即达到其功能和性能的要求。系统输出电压稳定，并具有较高的精度，输出电压可在0～+9.9V范围内任意设定，显示直观，程序简单，因而可实际应用于需要高稳定度小功率恒压源的领域。 关键词：数控开关电源；脉宽调制（PWM）；单片机；闭环控制  Digital DC Voltage Source System Abstract This paper describes the control system is based on the DC voltage source as the core， Atmega16 MCU as the main controller， through the keyboard to set the DC output voltage, to set the level of up to 0.1V and 0.05V, Output voltage range of 0- 9.9V, the ripple is not more than 10mV, the maximum current for1.5A, and the LCD screen shows the actual value of the output voltage, voltage setting value and the value of output current, and also design the other voltage output type. the system automatically returned to initial values, and the red indicator light alerts. This system is composed of MCU internal register output PWM pulse, after driving circuit amplifies the PWM pulse signal, used to control the P channel switching tube IRF9530 on-off, so by changing the output duty cycle changes and different voltage output. MCU system through an internal ten bit A/D continuously detects the output voltage of the power supply, according to the output voltage of the power supply and the set value difference, using the on-chip PWM module output PWM wave, direct power control work. At the same time also designed an electronic load, used for testing the power load regulation rate, electronic load constant current adjustable range of 0.1～1.5A. In the design of this system are taken into consideration in the process of