[英语词汇学第5讲.pptVIP

English Lexicology Review of Lecture IV 1. Morpheme Definition Identification 2. Root Free root Bound root 3. Affix Inflectional and derivational Prefix and suffix Origin and productivity 4. Allomorph Readings Task IV Chapter 12 of A Survey of English Lexicology Key points in the book will be discussed next week Lecture VWord Building – Derivation Lecture V Word Building – Derivation 1. Derivation: definition 2. English prefixes Function Classification 3. English suffixes Function Classification Derivation: definition Derivation is a kind of word-formation when a new word is formed by adding a derivational morpheme (usually suffix or prefix) to the root. English prefixes: function Prefixes modify the lexical meaning of the root; therefore, the simple word and its prefixed derivative usually belong to the same part of speech. Prefixes do not generally change the part of speech of a word but there are prefixes which do change the part of speech of the words. Prefixes changing the part of speech: de- n. → v. deform, debug , defrost en- n. → v. enslave, endanger un- n. → v. unleash unearth anti- n. → a. anti-war, anti-carbon inter- n. → a. inter-state, inter-laboratory post- n. → a. postwar, postliberation pre- n. → a. prewar, preplant And according to origin, there are the following kinds: Germanic: a-; be-; for-; mis-; out-; with-; over-; in-; n-; up- under-; to-; un- Romanic: a-, ab-, abs-; bi-, bis-; com-,con-, co-; de-; dis-, di- Greek: semi-; uni- (one); bi- (two); tri- (three); quad- (four); quadri- (four); quin- (five); sex- (six); sept- (seven); oct- (eight); nona- (nine); dec- (ten); poly- (many); centi- (100); milli- (1000); multi- (many); hemi- (half); mono- (mon / one); bi- (two); tetra- (four); penta- (five); hexa- (six); hecto- (hundred) Latin: magn- large, big, great mal- bad, badly, wrong; ill; evil; abnormalmedi- middlenon- nothing, notsemi- half, partly, twice