[英语常用短语精解.docxVIP

to get onto get offto put onto take offto call upto turn onto turn offright awayto pick upat once1.to get on : (to enter, board) 【说明：】to get on(搭乘，上车) 动词get的用法很多，常常在后面接用各种不同的介系词或副词而形成意义不同的习语。这里的on是介系词，后面的bus和subway用作它的受词。如果on作副词用，则有进步，相处甚好，与年事已长的意思。【例：】(1) I always get on the bus at 34th Street. 我总是在３４街搭乘公共汽车。(2) William gets on the subway at the same station every morning. 威廉每天早晨在同一车站搭乘地下火车。2.to get off : (to leave, descend from) 【说明：】to get off (下车)与上面的get on相反。Get off也有好些其它的意义，如寄出，离开等。下车也可以用alight from或get out of a carriage或motor car, 不过下电车或公共汽车多用get off . 【例：】(1) Helen got off the bus at 42nd Street. 海伦在42街下公共汽车。(2) At what station do you usually get off the subway? 你通常在那一站下地下火车？3.to put on: (to place on oneself-said particularly of clothes) 【说明：】to put on (穿，戴)特别指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼镜也用这个成语。英文中还有wear和dress二字也是穿的意思。可是wear是继续的动作，表示穿着的状态，而put on是一时的动作。下面两个句子都是错的：I shall wear my overcoat before I go out (应用put on). In such cold weather I put on my overcoat all day （应用wear）.dress的意思是①put clothes on后面的受词一定是人，如dress a child, dress oneself, be dressed in white, ②put on clothes, vk Get up and dress quickly. （快点起来穿好衣服。）【例：】(1) Mary put on her hat and left the room. 玛丽戴上她的帽子就离开这屋子。(2) Why is John putting on his hat and coat? 约翰为什么穿衣戴帽呢？4.to take off : (to remove-said also of clothes) 【说明：】to take off (脱去)与put on 的意义相反，指脱去衣物鞋帽.民可以用put off, 但较不通用。【例：】(1) John took off his hat as he entered the room. 约翰在这屋时脱下他的帽子。(2) Is Helen taking off her coat because it is too warm in the room? 海伦是不是因为室内太暖和而脱去她的外衣呢？5.to call up: (to telephone) 【说明：】to call up (打电话给……)后面一定要有受词，也就是接电话的人。如果受词是代名词的话，常插在call与up 之间。【例：】(1) I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday although I promised to call him up exactly at three o’clock. 我昨天忘记打电话给钟斯先生，虽然我答应了在三点钟的时候打电话给他的。(2) Did anyone call me up while I was out? 我出去的时候有人打电话来找我吗？6.to turn on : (to start, begin) 【说明：】to turn on (扭开，打开)指扭开电灯，电炉，电扇，煤气等的按钮或开关，以及自来水的水龙头等而言。开电灯也可以用put on the light. 【例：】(1) Please turn on the light. This room is dark. 请你扭开电灯，这房间太黑暗了。(2) Some