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FIGURE 27–1 Identification of the parts of a valve. FIGURE 27–2 Typical valve spring and related components. Dual valve springs are used to reduce valve train vibrations and a spring seat is used to protect aluminum heads. FIGURE 27–3 The intake valve is larger than the exhaust valve because the intake charge is being drawn into the combustion chamber at a low speed due to differences in pressure between atmospheric pressure and the pressure (vacuum) inside the cylinder. The exhaust is actually pushed out by the piston and, therefore, the size of the valve does not need to be as large, leaving