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Testing the Significance of Independent Variables (Contd.) Test Statistic t = b1 - β1 sb1 Degrees of Freedom V = n – 2 Testing for a Type II Error Ho: β1 = 0 Ha: β1 ≠ 0 Decision Rule * Reject ho: β1 = 0 if α p value Sum of Squares SST Sum of squared prediction error that would be obtained if we do not use x to predict y SSE Sum of squared prediction error that is obtained when we use x to predict y SSM Reduction in sum of squared prediction error that has been accomplished using x in predicting y * Predicting the Dependent Variable Dependen