[英语级语法重点第二讲动词时态.ppt

所谓动词时态,是指谓语动词所表示的动作发生的时间和状态.注意：学习时态关键关注时间状语 动作发生的时间有过去, 现在和将来; 动作发生的状态有一般性,进行性和完成性.由此构成英语中16种不同时态,如上表所示: 基本时态5种(红色所示)掌握时态的用法, 应从以下几点入手: １)谓语构成 ２)时间状语 ３)一般用法 ４)特殊用法 ５) 相关时态的区别 Ⅰ.一般现在时 基本用法： 一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作, 存在的状态或习惯性的动作. 时间状语: usually, often, sometimes, every morning, always, regularly ,now and then ,occasionally, seldom, on Sundays, at present ,nowadays, these days, at the moment 一般用法: 1.经常性或习惯性的动作 I go to work on foot every day. We always help each other. 2.现在的特征，状态 及能力 He loves sports. The coat fits you well. 3. 普遍真理, 格言警句 Light travels faster than sound. Practice makes perfect. 特殊用法 1.某些表示动作起止的动词, 可用一般现在时表示一个按计划, 规定, 安排要发生的事.如begin, be, come, go , leave, sail, start, arrive, return, end, stop, open, take off, close, fall, meet, stay, take place, happen 等 Eg. Tomorrow is Monday. When does the plane take off? 2.在时间状语从句, 条件状语从句或让步状语从句中, 用一般现在时代替一般将来时 If it rains tomorrow, we’ll put off the sports meeting. I need one more stamp before my collection is completed. Even if he doesn’t come this Sunday, I’ll go fishing by myself. 3.特殊句型 Here/There comes our teacher.(一般现在时表正在发生的动作) It is +时间段+since…. It is /has been five years since I moved here. Ⅱ.现在进行时: 表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作. 时间状语:now ,at the moment, these days, nowadays ,at present … 一般用法:1. 说话时正发生或正进行的动作 I’m giving a lecture. 2. 现阶段正在进行而此刻不一定正在进行的动作 I’m reading a novel these days. ( but I am not reading it now.) 特殊用法: 1.表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作, 限于表 示来去, 开始, 结束, 离开， 到达等瞬间意义的动词 特殊用法1：We’re leaving on Friday. I’ve won a holiday for two to Florida. I am taking my mom 2.在时间状语从句,条件状语从句或让步状语从句中表达将来正在进行的动作 Don’t mention this when you are talking with him . If she is sleeping , don’t wake her up. 3.现在进行时与always, continually,constantly, all the time等副词连用表示反复或习惯性的动作,含有某种感情色彩, 如赞扬, 遗憾, 讨厌,不满等. He is always coming late. (不满) You’re always thinking of others.(赞扬) How are you feeling today? (比How do you feel today?更为亲切