强调与倒装分析.ppt

* 强调与倒装 强调 英语的强调主要有两种： 一是强调非谓语（包括主语、宾语、状语等）； 二是强调谓语动词。 一、 强调非谓语 其基本句型是：“It + is/was + 被强调的成分 ＋ that/who + 其它成分”。 注：It 没有实意，只起语法作用，引导被强调的部分。当被强调的是人时，可用who(m)/that, 其他情况用that。 Ex: I met Jack yesterday. ---- It was I who/that met Jack yesterday. 是我昨天碰到了Jack. （强调主语） It was Jack that/whom I met yesterday. 我昨天碰到的是Jack。 （强调宾语） It was yesterday that I met Jack. 是昨天我碰到了Jack. （强调时间状语） ★ 强调句型的判断 把“It, be，that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整（被强调部分要还原到原位置），那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。如： ①It is he who / that often helps me with my English. ②It is on the hillside that we plant trees every year. ③It was because of bad weather that the football match had to be put off. 分析：去掉It is / was... that / who 句子后结构仍然完整，句意仍明确，都是强调句。 ④ It was 9 oclock when we came back． ⑤ It was 3 hours since we had come back． 分析： 在上面例句中若去掉It was... when / before / since等后，句子结构就不完整，所以不是强调句。 It was at the theatre _________ Lincoln was murdered.It was the theatre _________ Lincoln was murdered.A. which B. that C. where D. the one B C ★ 强调句型需要注意的问题： 1. 句首词用“It”，不能用“This”，“That”等； 2. be动词的形式是is或was, 不能用复数形式are或were。若原句的谓语动词用了现在时或将来时，则用is;若原句的谓语动词用了过去时或过去完成时，则用was. 3. 被强调的部分如果是代词，强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。如： Ex: It is him that/who /whom I met in the street yesterday. It is I who/that am wrong. 4. 连接词一般用that，当强调部分是人时，既可用that也可用who.特别注意当强调部分是时间状语或地点状语时，不能用when或where。 Ex: It was on Oct 1st, 1949 that People’s Republic of China was founded. It was at the gate that he told me the news. 5. 主谓一致问题: 被强调的主语要和 that后面的谓语动词在数上保持一致。 Ex: It is Mary who often helps me with my English. It is I that am against you. It is the boy students of Class Two who are playing football on the playground. ★ 一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。 e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? ★ 特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？ e.g. When and where was it that you were born? 二、 强调谓语动词 用“助动词do ＋ 动词原形”来强调谓语动词。 注：谓语动词只有两种时态能强调，即一般现在时和一般过去时。在一般现在时中，do有人称的变化，第三人称单数用does，一般过去时do 变成did。 1． 强调一般现在时动词谓语： e.g.