InternetNamesandAddresses.pptVIP

Internet: Names and Addresses Rama Naming in the Internet What are named? All Internet Resources. Objects: /pages/ranveer Services: /forecast Hosts: Characteristics of Internet Names human recognizable unique persistent Universal Resource Names (URNs) Locating the resources Internet services and resources are provided by end-hosts ex. and host Ranveer’s home page. Names are mapped to Locations Universal Resource Locators (URL) Embedded in the name itself: ex. /forecast Semantics of Internet naming human recognizable uniqueness persistent Locating the resources Internet services and resources are provided by end-hosts ex. and host Ranveer’s home page. Names are mapped to Locations Universal Resource Locators (URL) Embedded in the name itself: ex. /forecast Semantics of Internet naming human recognizable uniqueness persistent Locating the Hosts? Internet Protocol Addresses (IP Addresses) ex. ? 9 Characteristics of IP Addresses 32 bit fixed-length enables network routers to efficiently handle packets in the Internet Locating services on hosts port numbers (16 bit unsigned integer) 65536 ports standard ports: HTTP 80, FTP 20, SSH 22, Telnet 20 Mapping Not 1 to 1 One host may map to more than one name One server machine may be the web server (), mail server ()etc. One host may have more than one IP address IP addresses are per network interface But IP addresses are generally unique! two globally visible machines should not have the same IP address Anycast is an Exception: routers send packets dynamically to the closest host matching an anycast address How to get a name? Naming in Internet is Hierarchical decreases centralization improves name space management First, get a domain name then you are free to assign sub names in that domain How to get a domain name coming up Example: belongs to which belongs to .com regulated by global non-profit bodies Domain name structure Top-level Domains (TLDs) Generic Top Level Domains (gTLDs) .com - commercial