20110906-readingmaterial1..docxVIP

Reading material 1Static analysis of beamsClass goals:contents：To know some technical terms on beams in EnglishSuch as简支梁，悬臂梁，外伸梁；梁的横截面，对称面，对称轴等等； To know how to describe a beamthat is subjected to forces and the reactions of thebeam in English by your own words.grammar：Note the use of preposition (介词) andthe passive（被动语态） sentencesbeam a long piece of wood, metal, etc. used tosupport weight, especially as part of the roof in abuilding.Eg. the cottage had an original fireplace andexposed oak beams.beam also belongs to bar, just a bar that issubjected to forces acting transverse to its axis.Beams include simple beam (simply supportedbeam), cantilever beam and the beam with anoverhang.Words and Expressions1. transverse a.横向的，切向的，横截的 usually before noun (technical)situated（”situate” means: to build or place sth in aparticular position.） across sth.Text: the force acting transverse to its axis.eg. a transverse bar joins the two posts.用一根横梁连接两根柱子。Note:与transverse相类同的表述：perpendicular, vertical,lateral ,parallel,etc.**Perpendiculara. forming an angle of 90°with another line orsurface; upright or going straight up.Eg. are the lines perpendicular to each other?The staircase was almost perpendicular. (Perpendicular)(architecture) connected with astyle architecture common in England in the 14thand 15th centuries, that makes use of vertical linesand wide arches.n. the perpendicular, (sing.) a line, position ordirection that is exactly perpendicular.Eg. the wall is a little out of the perpendicular.**Verticala. (of a line, pole, etc.) going straight up or downfrom a level surface or from top to bottom in apicture, etc..eg. the vertical axis of the graphthe cliff was almost vertical. having a structure in which there are top, middleand bottom levels.Eg. a vertical flow of communicationn. a vertical line or position[syn] perpendiculareg. the wall is several degrees off the vertical.**Lateral横向的，侧向的 [usually before noun] connected with the side ofsth or with the movement to the sid