管理学(工程管理)02技巧.ppt

* * X理论、Y理论 X理论： 1、The average human being has an inherent dislikes of work and will avoid it if he can. 2、Because of this human characteristic of dislike of work, most people must be forced，controlled，directed threatened with punishment to get them to put forth adequate effort toward the achievement of organizational objectives. 3、The average human being prefers to be directed, wishes to avoid responsibility ,has relatively little ambitions ,wants security above all. * * X理论、Y理论 Y理论： 1、The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is an play or rest . The average human being does not