[2008届南京市高三化学专题复习讲座.pptVIP

2008届南京市高三化学专题复习讲座 化学基本概念与理论 南京市金陵中学 陈 益 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一、与量有关的离子方程式的书写 例1、 (1)将过量的Cl2通入FeBr2溶液中，其离子方程式为： 2Fe2++4Br－+3Cl2=2Fe3++2Br2+6Cl－ (2)将少量的Cl2通入过量FeBr2溶液中，其离子方程式为： Cl2＋2Fe2+=2Fe3+＋2Cl－ 或 2Cl2＋2Fe2＋＋2Br－=4Cl－＋2Fe3＋＋Br2 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例2、 (1)氢氧化钡和硫酸溶液反应(物质的量任意比)； (2)氢氧化钡和硫酸氢钠以溶质的物质的量之 比1∶2反应； (3)氢氧化钡溶液与过量的硫酸氢钠溶液反应。 Ba2++ 2OH－+2H++SO42－==BaSO4↓+2H2O 一、与量有关的离子方程式的书写 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例3、KAl(SO4)2溶液和Ba(OH)2溶液反应： ①若两者物质的量之比是1∶2，则表示为： Al3+＋2SO42-＋2Ba2+＋4OH-=2BaSO4↓+4AlO2-+2H2O ②若两者物质的量之比是2∶3，则表示为： 2Al3+＋ 3SO42-+ 3Ba2+＋6OH-=2Al(OH)3↓＋3BaSO4↓ 一、与量有关的离子方程式的书写 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例4、 (1)将Ca(HCO3)2溶液与 NaOH溶液以溶质的物质的量之比1∶1混合； (2)将Ca(OH)2溶液与NaHCO3溶液以溶质的物质的量比1∶1混合； (3)将少量NaOH溶液滴入过量的Ca(HCO3)2溶液中； (4)少量NaHCO3溶液滴加到过量的Ca(OH)2溶液中。 OH－+Ca2++HCO3－=CaCO3↓+H2O 一、与量有关的离子方程式的书写 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 例5、 (1)NaOH溶液与Ca(HCO3)2溶液以溶质的物质的量之比2∶1反应； (2)Ca(OH)2溶液与NaHCO3溶液以溶质的物质的量比1∶2反应； (3)过量的NaOH溶液与Ca(HCO3)2溶液反应；(4)C