Immunologyrev..docVIP

Antigen/Antibody - Weilin chen 2012.10 An antibody made against the antigen tetanus toxoid (TT) reacts with it even when the TT is denatured by disrupting all disulfide bonds. Another antibody against TT fails to react when the TT is similarly denatured. The most likely explanation can be stated as follows ( ) A. The first antibody is specific for several epitopes expressed by TT B. The first antibody is specific for the primary amino acid sequence of TT, whereas the second is specific for conformational determinants C. The second antibody is specific for disulfide bonds D. The first antibody has a higher affinity for TT E. All of the above. 2. A 24-year-old medical student is having some difficulty in understanding the role that antibodies play in the destruction of cells due to complement lysis. The professor decides that seeing is believing and so sends the student to the laboratory. The student is given two flasks. One flask contains antibodies isolated from an individual whose ABO phenotype is A. In the other flask there are red blood cells from an individual whose phenotype is unknown. The student is directed to put the red blood cells into the dish containing agar, and to add the isolated antibodies. In the second step, the student is directed to add all the complement proteins, required for cell lysis, to the agar dish. Following incubation of 37oC, the red blood cells are lysed. The phenotype of the individual from whom the red blood cells were isolated could have been ( ) A. only AB B. only B C. only A D. either AB, B or A E. either AB or B 3. You prescribe penicillin for your patient. The patient develops a severe allergic reaction and dies. In this case, the penicillin molecule was probably acting as a (an) ( ) A. adjuvant. B. hapten. C. immunologic carrier. D. immunotoxin E. mitogen 4. An adjuvant is a substance that( ) A. increases the size of the immunogen B.