英语单词构词法与词汇综述.docVIP

英语单词构词法 在英语中，词的构成方式主要以下六种。? 一、?合成?Compounding?两个或更多的词合成一个词。? 方式：1.?直接写在一起。??2.?用连字符(-)连接。??3.?由两个分开的词构成。 1)?合成形容词?方式? 例词?1形容词＋形容词?red-hot? 2形容词＋名词?first-class,?full-time,?part-time?3形容词＋现在分词?good-looking,?free-thinking,??4形容词＋过去分词?ready-made? 5形容词＋名词-ed?good-tempered,?middle-aged,?cold-blooded?6名词＋名词-ed?iron-willed? 7名词＋形容词?world-famous,?day-long?? 8名词＋现在分词?beauty-loving,?freedom-loving,?job-hunting,??9名词＋过去分词?man-made,?water-covered,??10副词＋形容词?ever-green? 11副词＋现在分词?hard-working,?far-seeing? 12副词＋过去分词?well-prepared,?quickly-cured,?well-known?13数词＋名词?five-year?14数词＋名词+形容词?five-year-old? 15数词＋名词-ed?four-legged,?six-storied 2)合成动词? 构成方式?例词? 1名词＋动词?day-dream? 2副词＋动词?overcome,?upturn翻起?3形容词＋动词?white-wash? (3)合成名词?构成方式?例词? 1名词＋名词?horseback?,?bank-note,?newspaper,?cellphone,??2形容词＋名词?back-yard,?forehead,??3动名词＋名词?hiding?place,?reading-room?4动词＋副词?get-off,?break?in,??5副词＋动词? output,?overflow? (4)合成副词however,?maybe,?wherever,?whenever,?forever?? (5)合成代词whoever,,?whatever,?everyone,?nobody,?myself,?something,?anything,? 二、派生?Derivation? 前缀? 前缀?含义?例词? a-?处在……?arise,?aside,?alone?en-?使可能?enrich,?enable,?enslave? dis-?不，否定?dissatisfy,?dishonest,?disappear,?disorder,?disagree ?un-?不，做相反动作? unable,?unknown,?uncommon,?uncomfortable,?unfair,??unclose,?undress,?uncover,?untie? in-?im-?ir-?il-?不，非? inactive,?incapable,?inpatient,?incorrect?? impossible,?impersonal,?impolite,?immature,?impractical?irregular,?irresponsible?illogical,?? non-?不，非?non?existent,?non-interference,?non-conductor,?non-stop? de-?向相反方向发展?Decentralize（分散）,?defrost（解冻）? anti-?反（对）?anti-freeze,?anti-fascist? mis-?错误的，坏的?misdoings,?misunderstand,?misfortune? re?重复，再?rewrite,?remarry,?reunite,?recycle,?? co-?共同?co-exist,?co-operate,?co-education? ex?以前的?Ex-husband,?ex-president? tele?远程?telephone,?telegraph,?telescope? super-?在上面，超级?supermarket,?superpower,?? under-?在……之下?underline,?underestimate,?underground,? ?inter-?相互，之间?international,?interact,?inter-change sub-?下，次?subtitle,?submarine,?subconscious,?subcontinen