I中年农民养老意愿及其影响因素的研究.docVIP

中年农民养老意愿及其影响因素的研究 ——以山西省忻州市X镇为例 摘要：以山西省忻州市X镇为例，分析该地区农村中年农民的养老意愿及其影响因素。研究发现,大多数中年农民依然坚持选择传统的家庭养老，其次是自我储蓄；商业保险和养老保险的选择人数相对较少；对选择机构养老人们大多持排斥态度，存在犹疑；少数人持观望态度，未指出具体的选择意愿。就养老意愿的影响因素，年龄、性别、受教育年限、职业、健康状况、婚姻状况等个体因素；现有子女数、子女性别构成、家庭成员人均收入等家庭因素；社会保障政策和社会保险业发展的社会因素，与中年农民的养老意愿具有相关性。基于当地的发展现状，发展农村社会养老保险，有发展的可能性但也存在着一定的障碍。 关键词：中年；农民；养老意愿 The Study on the Will of Old-age Care and influencing factors with Middle-aged Peasantry ——Taking Xinzhou as a Case Abstract: This study takes Douluo town of Xinzhou as an example, analyzing the situation about the will of middle-aged farmers’ old-age care,as well as its influencing factors. The research finds the middle-aged farmers still choose the traditional family pension, next is the self savings; commercial insurance and endowment insurance is the relatively small number of choice;for Institution endowment,mose people keep denounce attitude, exist hesitates; a few people keep watch attitude, not have specific choice. Individual factors contain age, occupation, gender, level of education, marital status, combined with factors of household characteristics, which is comprised of the size of family, the existing number of children, the gender constitution of children, per capita income in the family, as well as Social Factors contain social policy and the development of social insurance industry, have a direct impact on the will of old-age care. Based on the development of the local situation,developing the rural social endowment insurance have possibility,alse obstacle. Keywords: Middle-aged; Peasantry; Will of Old-age Care 引言 随着世界人口老龄化的加剧，各国逐渐步入老龄化的趋势在加强。在农业人口占到总人口70%之多的我国，农村养老就显得尤为紧张，近年来更是逐渐演变为重要的社会问题。针对农村老年人养老问题的出现，政府就这一群体提出并实施了一系列的政策与措施，并形成由局部到全国推广的趋势。近年来社会提倡养老方式选择的多样化，以及基于旧农村养老保险的弊端，在试点地区推广新型农村养老保险，之后扩大化到全国的步调，社会养老保障体系的完善一定程度上能够有效缓解农村地区养老问题。但是，具体到某一地区，保障程度的高低又受到当地以经济为主的社会发展水平的限制，同时，也与当地居民自身意愿的倾向有着密切的关系。笔者认为，相对于青年人与老年人来说，正在步入老年的中年农民对于未来养老的选择更有现实意义，心理上的倾向更具有实际的代表性。处在社会环境交替的变化中，自身年龄导致的人生阶段性的交替中，以及大环境下社会保障制度的更新变化中的中年农民群体，他们对于养老问题如何