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一项最新研究显示,在谈判中,大多数人并不清楚对方如何看待自己。而人们可能要为此付出昂贵的代价。 无论是跟老板谈升职加薪,还是跟商业伙伴谈业务合作,在锱铢必较的谈判中,你认为自己表现得太强势,还是太软弱?误判有可能让你付出高昂代价。兹事体大,不得不察。…
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一项最新研究显示,在谈判中,大多数人并不清楚对方如何看待自己。而人们可能要为此付出昂贵的代价。
无论是跟老板谈升职加薪,还是跟商业伙伴谈业务合作,在锱铢必较的谈判中,你认为自己表现得太强势,还是太软弱?误判有可能让你付出高昂代价。兹事体大,不得不察。
你是太强势还是太软弱?
“Most of us can think of someone who is unaware of how others see them,” notes Daniel Ames, a professor of management at Columbia Business School who teaches courses in negotiation. “Sadly, often enough, this research suggests that person is us.”
To measure the self-awareness of people involved in negotiations, Ames and fellow researcher Abbie Wazlawek conducted four separate tests, three of them on Columbia MBA students and one on 500 U.S. adults not enrolled at the B-school. After being paired up for mock bargaining sessions over things like licensing rights, each of the MBA students answered questions about their own assertiveness and that of the person across the table. “A key question was whether people knew what their counterparts thought of them,” the study says.
The results surprised even Ames, who had expected to find some differences in perception. Consider: 56% of the people described by their counterparts as too pushy believed they had come across as just right, or even a little bit too soft. Conversely, 57% of the negotiators perceived as pushovers thought they had been assertive enough, or even pushed too hard.
“Together, these results suggest that people who got assertiveness wrong in the eyes of others had about a coin-flip?s chance of recognizing how they were seen,” the study says.
In real-life negotiations, what Ames and Wazlawek call the “line-crossing illusion”—negotiators? belief that they
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