土木工程专业英语(翻译)课件解析.ppt

1.8 有关数量的翻译 4. 数量增加的特殊表达法 i)英语中，“比……大一半”有其特殊的表达方式： half as much (many, large, fast 等)again as 或 half again as much (many, large, fast 等) as 上面两个句型表示“大一半”或“是……的一倍半”。 The resistance of aluminium is approximately half again as great as that of copper for the same dimensions. 尺寸相同时，铝的电阻为铜的一倍半 */137 1.8 有关数量的翻译 ii)在表示“是……的两倍”时，也有多种表达方式： as much (many, large, fast 等) again as again as much as double 以上句型表示“大一倍”或“是……的两倍” This year we have produced as many TV sets again as compared with last year. 今年我厂生产的电视机比去年多一倍。 */137 1.8 有关数量的翻译 iii)表示数量的增加并不一定都用有增加意义的动词，专业英语中还有很多灵活的用法。 比如，有时用“equal”或“equivalent”来表示。 But weighing the comparative tonnage, and not the number of ships, then one American ship equals four of the Soviet. 但若比较的不是两方船只的数量，而是船只的吨位，则美国的要比苏联的大三倍。 */137 1.8 有关数量的翻译 （二）数量的减少 1. 数量的净减 纯粹数的减少指具体数量的减少、百分比的减少。数字照译，通常译成“减少了n”。 The temperature fell to 26 degrees below zero. 温度降到零下26 度。 The pressure will be reduced to one-fourth of its original value. 压力将减少到原来数值的四分之一。 */137 1.8 有关数量的翻译 2. 成倍减少 语句中表示成倍减少含义时，通常包含以下句子成分： reduce N times reduce N times as much(many…) as reduce by N times reduce by a factor of N reduce to N times reduce N-fold N-fold reduction N times less than 均可译成“减少了（N-1）/N”或“减少到原来的1/N”。 */137 1.8 有关数量的翻译 The production cost has reduced four times. 生产成本减少了3/4。（即减少到原来的1/4） The advantage of the present scheme lies in a fivefold reduction in manpower. 这一方案的优点在于节约人工4/5。（即节约到原来的1/5） */137 1.8 有关数量的翻译 3.decrease 类动词（to,by）+N times(N-fold) 该句型意义是：“减少了1-1/N”或“减少到原来的1/N” There has been a five-fold decrease in our imports this year. 我们今年的进口物品减少了五分之四。 The price of this medicine has been reduced by 2.5 times. 此种药品的价格已降低到原来的五分之二。 */137 1.8 有关数量的翻译 4.数量减少的特殊用法 在表示少一半时，英语往往习惯用“half as…… as”或“twice less than”来表达，一般不用two times. The new compressor is half as heavy as the old one. 这部新压缩机比旧的轻一半。 */137 1.8 有关数量的翻译 专业英语中，减少一半还有以下表达法： to decrease one-half; to reduce by one-half; to cut in half; to shorten twice; one-half les