普通小麦赤霉素敏感种质筛选研究20111027001修改..docVIP

普通小麦赤霉素敏感种质筛选研究 张红梅 何觉民 张咪咪 何仪 周建伟 (广东海洋大学农业生物技术研究所，广东湛/km2的赤霉素处理1594份小麦种质，结果表明，绝大多数小麦种质对赤霉素不敏感，1594份供试品系中仅60份小麦材料对赤霉素敏感。由于部分品系来自同一种质的后代，小麦种质赤霉素敏感率实际上不到1%。赤霉素敏感的小麦品系其株高增加幅度范围为5cm-39cm，其中Haida42-6-30和周麦13-2-1-1-3两个品系株高差异极其显著，用赤霉素处理其株高增加35cm以上，可作为培育杂交小麦父本的种质。 关键词：小麦 赤霉素（GA）creening of GA-sensitive Triticum aestivum Germplasm ZHANG Hong-mei HE Jue-min ZHANG Mi-mi HE Yi ZHOU Jian-wei (Institute of Techniques for Agricultural Biology，Guangdong Ocean University，Zhanjiang，Guangdong 524088，ChinaAbstract：In order to creen GA-sensitive Triticum aestivum germplasm, to solve the hybrid wheat seed production problem when producing seeds that a combination of male and female parent have similar plant height. In various strains of wheat heading for 5%, the 1594 lines of Triticum aestivum germplasm were sprayed the concentration of 30g/km2 of gibberellin at the date of 5% heading. The results showed as follows: Most of wheat germplasm were GA-insensitive, in 1594 tested lines, there were only 60 of them were GA- sensitive, As part of the wheat from the same germplasm’s descendants, the percent of sensitivity lines actually less than 1%. GA-sensitive wheat lines increased its height range from 5cm to 39cm after treatment. Haida42-6-30 and Zhoumai13-2-1-1-3 were most sensitive lines among them. The height increased 35cm or more after spraying gibberellin,and can be used as hybrid wheat paternal materials breeding germplasms. . Key words: Triticum aestivum; Gibberellin(GA); GA-sensitive 杂种优势利用是提高作物产量和品质的重要途径。现很多作物利用杂种优势提高产量已备受人们关注，并大面积推广且取得成就。目前，利用小麦杂种优势的方式主要有3种：化杀法（化学杂交剂杀雄，CHA）、三系法（胞质互作雄性binglanmay@163.com 联系方式通讯作者：何觉民（1952-），男，教授，从事作物杂种优势利用研究，E-mail：xqzmll@163.com 联系方式不育，CMS）和二系法（光温敏核雄性不育。，其杂种优势还未被大面积推广利用[-3]。；而两系法存在一些应用上的问题[4-5]，如制种产量偏低；现有的光温敏雄性不育系少，杂种优势不够强；不育系繁殖产量低；杂交纯度不能充分保证。三系法虽然在不育系繁殖时容易混杂，但是其最大的优点在于制种过程中母本不育性比较稳定，种子饱满，其制种纯度高[6-7]；其次是不存在不育系自交结实的问题，这点优于两系法和化杀法。由于小麦用种量大，制种时繁殖系数相对较低[8]，所以现阶段提高制种产量是杂种小麦的重要突破口。 赤霉素（gibberellin, GA）与细胞分