建立和完善我国食品安全保障机制的法律思考..docVIP

建立和完善我国食品安全保障机制的法律思考. 摘要：民以食为天。食品是人类赖以生存和发展最基本的物质条件。食品安全不仅关系人民群众的身体健康和生命安全，也直接影响着社会经济的发展。2003年4月16日，我国国家食品药品监督管理局正式挂牌，标志着我国食品安全工作迈入了综合监管与具体监管相结合的新阶段。这表明了我国政府与时俱进、切实抓好食品安全工作的决心。然而，有关食品安全的负面消息依然不断，阜阳劣质奶粉、重庆火锅石蜡底料、太仓劣质肉松、山东“掺肥”龙口粉丝、“苏丹红一号”风波……特别是最近的三鹿毒奶粉事件更是令人触目惊心。造成我国食品安全问题屡禁不绝的重要原因除了生产商、经营者唯利是图、道德沦丧外，还在于我国食品安全保障机制的不健全。要切实保障我国的食品安全，必须尽快建立和完善我国的食品安全保障机制。 　　关键词：食品安全保障 监管 　　 　　Abstract: Food is the paramount necessity of the people. Food safety is an important problem what matters directly not only for the health and safety of the people, but also for the development of social economy. On April 16, 2003, the establishment of the State Food and Drug Administration marked the new stage of our country’s food monitoring and management system which combined comprehensive and concrete supervision together. This also reflected the government抯 great determination to substantially take control of the food safety work in order to keep pace with the times. However, in recent years, there still frequently comes negative news relating to food safety, such as the cases of Fuyang fake milk powder, Chongqing paraffin hotpot condiment, Taicang inferior crushed dried pork, Longkou fertilizer-adulterated bean vermicelli, the Sudan 1 case, etc. Yet what startled people most is the recent Sanlu poisonous milk powder case. Besides the producer and distributor抯 moral decline in profit seeking, the imperfectness in food safety guarantee mechanism is a more important cause of the rises of such cases. In order to guarantee our country?s food safety, it becomes an urgent task to establish and perfect the food safety guarantee system. 　　Key words：food safety; guarantee; supervision and control 　　 　　一、目前我国食品安全问题的主要表现 　　 　　据国家有关部门对水果、大米、婴幼儿配方乳粉、水产品、饮料、蔬菜、鲜肉、发酵性豆制品、膨化食品、葡萄酒等10种关乎百姓日常生活的食品进行检测中发现，不合格率接近10%。导致食品不合格的因素很多，有些因素直接威胁到我国的食品安全。 　　1.食品添加剂不符合标准规定。发酵性食品违规添加防腐剂苯甲酸的情况较多，一些不法经营者为了防止产品变质，延长产品的变质期，不按标准要求组织生产，导致超范围使用食品添加剂。也有的企业由于采购的原料中含有防腐剂，造成产品防腐剂含量不符合标准。 　　2.成分含量不符合要求。少数奶粉在生