《高考英语阅读词汇新要求及应对策略.docxVIP

高考英语阅读词汇新要求及应对策略 2014-05-13?高考直通车近年来高考英语阅读理解试题中出现了大量生词，这些生词不再像以前高考那样加注汉语意思，而是要求考生结合语境进行合理猜测，或要求考生利用应有的知识面解题。具体地讲高考英语阅读题对考生词汇的掌握提出了六大新要求。笔者现结合2005年高考英语阅读理解题，就如何应对这六大新要求谈谈自己的看法，供同学们复习时参考。（下面所有例题都保留原题号以便大家更详细地对照阅读）一、要求考生具有利用语境推断生词含义的能力应对技巧一?：?“定义解释?+?语境”法例1：（2005，北京）The?animals?are?kept?togetherin?small?spaces,?with?no?privacy?and?little?opportunity?for?mentaland?physical?exercise.?This?results?in?unusual?and?self-destructivebehavior?called?zoochosis.?A?worldwide?study?of?zoos?found?thatzoochosis?is?common?among?animals?kept?in?small?spaces?or?cages65.?In?the?state?of?zoochosis,?animals?_________.A.?remain?in?cagesB.?behave?strangelyC.?attack?other?animalsD.?enjoy?moving?around【解析】：This?results?in?unusual?and?self-destructive?behaviorcalled?zoochosis前面unusual?and?self-destructive?behavior“不正常和自残的特征”就是对zoochosis?的解释。故答案为B。定义解释形式多样，有定语从句、同位语从句、并列句等，或由is，or，?that?is?(to?say)，?in?other?words，?be?called等词汇或破折号来表示出。应对技巧二：?“同位关系?+?语境”法例2：（2005，辽宁）However,?home?builders?use?thefact?that?heat?rises.?This?natural?law?can?be?used?in?buildinghouses?in?these?areas.58．The?underlined?words?“natural?law”?in?the?third?paragraphrefer?to?the?fact?that?________.A．heat?raises?the?temperature?in?the?housesB．heat?goes?in?the?upward?directionC．heat?goes?up?if?temperature?is?raisedD．heat?increases?the?temperature?of?rocks【解析】：答案B。这里This?natural?law就是指的是the?fact?that?heatrises，他们是同位关系，说的一个意思。再如：例3：（２００５，重庆）It?is?true?that?lighthouseswere?built?in?out-of-the-way?places.?But?on?pleasant?sunny?summerday,?this?very?isolation?has?a?natural?beauty?that?many?people?willlove?to?experience.68．The?underlined?phrase?out-of-the-way?inParagraph?4?meansA.far-away?B.dangerous?C.ancient?D.?secret【解析】：由第二句中的关键词thisisolation“孤立，偏僻之处”可确定out-of-the-way　是同位关系。最佳答案是A。应对技巧三：?“并列关系+?语境”法例4：（２００５，江苏）William?Shakespeare?said,?Theweb?of?our?life?is?of?a?mingled?yarn?(纱线),?good?and?ill．74.The?underlined?word?mingled?in?the?last?paragraph?mostprobably?means________.A.simple?B.mixed?C.sad?D.?happy