试论我国的浮动抵押法律制度程序.doc

摘要：浮动抵押制度源于英国，是担保物权制度中出现得最晚的一项。但由于其灵活的制度和对融资金融的益处，而被英美法系国家普遍采用，也被大陆法系的不少国家所采用，是现代众多国家经济生活中一项不可或缺的重要法律制度。为了与中国立法体系相适应，我国学者对浮动抵押做出如下定义：浮动抵押是指以其现有以及将来取得的全部或部分财产为标的物，依法设立的一种抵押，在其浮动期间，抵押人可以对设押财产依法进行经营处分，当待定事件或行为发生后，设押财产结晶为固定抵押并可对抵押债券优先受偿的一种担保制度。我国《物权法》确立浮动抵押制度，这是担保制度的一大进步。它具有传统抵押制度所不具有的优势，可以充分发挥抵押物的担保功能和用益功能。 关键词：浮动抵押；物权法；融资 Abstract : Floating charge system based on the UK, it was the latest to appear in the Security interest system. However, due to its floating mortgage flexible financial system and the benefits of financing, which were widely used by common law countries, and it has also been adopted by many civil law countries, it is an indispensable legal system for many countries in the modern economic life. In order to adapt with Chinese law system, Chinese scholars on the floating mortgage make the following definitions: floating mortgage refers to its existing and future all or part of the property for the subject, according to the law established a mortgage, float in it, the mortgagor may charge in accordance with the law on property management action, when to be determined an act or event occurs, encumbered property for the crystallization of fixed mortgage and the mortgage bond priority for a security system.The property law of our country established the floating charge system, which is a big step forward in security system. It has the advantages what the traditional mortgage system does not have，It can give full play to the collateral security features and the use of beneficial functions. Keywords: Floating Charge; property law; financing 试论我国的浮动抵押法律制度 浮动抵押（Floating Charge），是英国衡平法院在司法实践中发展起来的一种特殊的抵押制度，也是英国衡平法最为精妙的制度创造之一。自创立以来，在英美法系国家得到广泛运用，并为大部分大陆法系国家所接受。其设立之初旨在解决公司融资的迫切需求，后逐渐被其他国家和地区所采纳。它可以充分利用企业的担保价值，促进资本融通。其设立是以企业的继续经营和盈利为条件的，可以最大限度地利用企业财产结合体所具有的独立担保价值，筹措企业经营资金。此外，浮动抵押还可以弥补企业所欠缺提供特定担保能力的不足，被认为是“极其便利、非常有益、最具包容力且最便利”的担保形式【1】。基于这些缘由，浮动抵押制度在各国已经得到了广泛地使用，且历经百余年经久不衰。然而，在现代市场经济条件下，企业担负着社会生产和流通的重要经济职能，事关国计民生，影响十分深远。为此，需要借助法律并采取各种手段和措施，包括使企业获得融