煤礦工人安全工作状态影响因素识别研究.docxVIP

煤矿工人安全胜任状态影响因素识别研究 摘要：本文通过理论分析，首次界定了煤矿操作工安全胜任状态的定义和内涵，采用问卷调查等方式对煤矿操作工安全工作状态影响因素进行调查，本文首先运用SPSS17.0对调查问卷进行效度和信度分析，然后对煤矿操作工安全胜任状态影响因素采用结构方程模型SEM方法进行验证，最后运用AMOS17.0软件对结构方程模型进行优度检验拟合和对路径进行分析，结果表明，生理机能因素、心理机能因素和专业技能因素对作业过程可靠性有显著正向的影响，是煤矿操作工安全胜任状态的重要影响因素，并根据研究结论提出相应的政策建议。关键词：安全胜任状态；结构方程；因素识别；煤矿操作工中图分类号ＴＤ－９１４　　文献标识码 Ａ The Identification of Influential Factors to Colliery Operators’ Security Competent StateAbstract: Through theoretical analysis, this paper innovatively proposes the definition and connotation of colliery operators’ security competent state .By the investigation of influential factors to colliery operators’ security competent state through interviews and questionnaire,SPSS17.0 is used to analysis validity and reliability of the questionnaire, then the operator safety in coal mines for state influence factors using structural equation model (SEM) method for validation, structural framework of the influential factors to their security competent state is built in this paper. Then a Structural Equation Model is established and tested by AMOS17.0 examining the structure equation model fitting and analysis of the path. The results of analysis indicates that besides the factors of professional skills, the factors of colliery operators’ physical and physiological function are the key influential factors to insure the security of their operation and they are the foundation for their excellent performance in the operation as well.Key Words: Security Competent State;Structural Equation Model;Factor Identification;Colliery Operators0 引言近年来，国内外煤矿企业事故频出，大量数据表明：操作工人的失误在伤亡事故发生的影响因素中占据主要地位，由于操作工的误操作等不安全的行为导致的伤亡事故占到事故总数的70%以上，而我国90%以上的煤矿事故直接或间接源于员工的不安全行为。但是，本文针对某煤矿企业十大特殊工种1205名员工进行胜任力调查时，97.6%的员工认为个人素质与能力能够胜任岗位要求，92.3%的煤矿管理人员认为员工胜任岗位要求。一方面，煤矿企业人因失误比例如此之高，另外一方面，煤矿操作工和管理人员一致认为员工能够胜任岗位要求。胜任力指的是描述在特定工作岗位、组织环境和文化气氛中有优异成绩者所具备的可以客观衡量的静态的特质[1]。但是胜任状态是动态的，并不是一成不变的，由于外界因素的影响会造成胜任与不胜任之间的转换。煤矿操作工在不利条件的影响下会使煤矿操作工出现不再胜任工作要求的即刻状态，容易导致工作失误，甚至出现安全事故。因此，需加强煤矿操作工安全胜任状态识别研究，为煤矿安全管理提供新的视角，为减少操作工失误