进修讲课风湿病学概论__培训课件.pptVIP

* * Figure 68.7 Boutonni#232;re and swan-neck deformities. The boutonni#232;re deformity - PIP flexion and DIP hyperextension - results from relaxation of the central slip, with buttonholing of the PIP joint between the lateral bands. The swan-neck deformity - MCP flexion, PIP hyperextension and DIP flexion - may be mobile, snapping or fixed. Its pathogenesis may be related primarily to PIP or MCP involvement. Combinations of MCP and PIP involvement are less frequent. (Adapted with permission from Hastings DE and Welsh RP. Surgical reconstruction of the rheumatoid hand. Toronto: Orthopaedic M