低温对山桐子顶芽休眠影响的差异性分析.docx

河南农业大学本科生毕业论文（设计）题 目：低温对山桐子顶芽休眠影响的差异性分析学 院：专业班级：姓 名：学 号：指导教师：撰写日期： 年 月 日低温对山桐子顶芽休眠影响的差异性分析林学院林学2008-2班吴慧源摘要：为探讨大陆性气候分布的山桐子冬芽休眠特性，进行了不同低温对山桐子顶芽休眠解除的研究。结果表明：(1)大陆性广元种源山桐子顶芽，具有冬休眠特性，没有经过低温萌芽率较低，不能进行节间伸长；（2）5℃和10℃解除山桐子顶芽休眠的效果明显，40d、60d的5-10℃低温处理后，山桐子顶芽不仅萌发，而且开始节间伸长生长，15℃具有解除山桐子顶芽叶原基休眠的效果，但对解除顶端分生组织休眠的效果不明显。15℃低温处理后山桐子顶芽只有叶原基的展开，而几乎没有节间的伸长。（3）经历80d5℃和10℃低温的山桐子顶芽叶原基的展开率有所降低，而节间伸长量有所增加（10℃低温处理后放在15℃发芽温度下萌发除外）。关键词：山桐子；顶芽休眠；低温；萌发率；节间伸长Effect of Prechilling onthe Releasing of Dormancy of Terminal Budsin Idesia policarpaAbstract:The Effect of prechilling on the dormancy releasing of terminal budswas studied for exploring the characteristics of winter buds dormancyin Idesia policarpa that distributed in the continental climate.The results were as follows,(1)The terminal buds in Idesia policarpafromGuangyuan provenancehave the characteristics of winter dormancy. But the sprouting rate is low without prechilling and the shoot can not grow.(2) 5℃ and 10℃ have obvious effect to release the dormancy of terminal buds in Idesia policarpa, the terminal buds not only bursted ,but alsobegan to elongate the internodesto form shoots after prechilling of 40d and 60d at5℃ and 10℃. 15℃ has the effect that releases the dormancy of leaf primordial in the terminal bud in Idesia policarpa. But the effect was not obvious to release the dormancy of apical meristem. The leaf primordial in buds could sprout but could not elongated intermodeafterpreshilling of 15 ℃.(3)Theunfold rate of leaf primordial in the terminal buds in Idesia policarpa a little fell, but the shoot growth wasincreasing after prechilling of5℃ and 10℃ for 80d.( Except the terminal buds sproutedat 15℃after prechilling of 10℃).Key words:Idesia policarpa; Terminal buds dormancy; Prechilling; Sprouting rate;Shoot growth 为了适应冬季的寒冷和干燥, 许多温带树木在秋季就停止高生长, 形成冬芽, 进入休眠, 在经历了冬季低温之后, 于春季萌发开始新的生长[1]。但横跨亚热带与暖温带分布的落叶阔叶树种山桐子（Idesia policarpa）却具有不同于北方温带树种的冬休眠特性，具有南方系冬休眠类型的特点[2]。分布于亚热带冲绳县的山桐子和分布于暖温带三重县的山桐子顶芽均具有适应冬季寒冷干燥的冬休眠特性，2种源山桐子只有经历了