专业英语PCM.ppt

If we consider binary transmission, the complete information about a particular message will always be obtained by simply detecting the presence or absence of the pulse. 研究二进制信号的传输可见,只要简单地去判别脉冲的”有”和”无”,我们就获得了一条消息的全部信息. By comparison, most other forms of transmission systems convey the message information using the shape, or level of the transmitted signal ; parameters that are most easily affected by the noise and attenuation introduced by the transmission path. 相比之下,许多其他形式的传输系统是利用被传信号的波形或电平来传送信息的,而这些参数又极易受到传输途径中的噪声和衰耗的影响. Consequently there is an inherent advantage for overcoming noisy environments by choosing digital transmission. 因此选择数字传输系统在克服噪声环境方面有其固有的优势. So far in this discussion we have assumed that each voice channel has a separate coder, the unit that converts sampled amplitude values to a set of pulses; and decoder, the unit that performs the reverse operation 在宾语从句that each voice channel has…中has带了两个并列的宾语coder, decoder；且这两个成分又分别带了非限制性定语从句． 到目前为止,在这个讨论中, 我们一直假定每个话路各有一个编码器和解码器.前者是将幅度采样值变成脉冲,而后者施行相反的变换 This need not be so, and systems are in operation where a single codec (i.e., coder and its associated decoder) is shared between 24, 30, or even 120 separate channels. 这种设置并非必需.在实际运行的PCM系统中,单一的编、译码器为24路、30路,甚至120路所共用 A high-speed electronic switch is used to present the analog information signal of each channel, taken in turn , to the codec. 一个高速的电子开关被用来将每一话路的模拟信号依次地送往编、译码器. The codec is then arranged to sequentially sample the amplitude value, and code this value into the 8-digit sequence. 然后编、译码器再顺序采样幅值并把这个幅值编成8位码序列 ． Thus the output to the codec may be seen as a sequence of 8 pulses relating to channel 1, then channel 2, and so on. 因此从编译码器输出的信息就是一个分别对应于话路1, 话路2, 等等的8位码序列. This unit is called a time division multiplexer (TDM), and is illustrated in Fig. 6.3. The multiplexing principle that is used is known as word interleaving．Since the words, or 8-digit sequences, are interleaved in time. 这种设备称为时分复用,如图6.3所示. 音域8位码的码字序列按时间顺序插接在一起,所以上面的复用原则称为码字插接. A