簡单句的五种基本类型和练习.docVIP

北 京 四 中 撰稿老师：黄??浩????编审老师：蔡正礼????责任编辑：丁??华 简单句的五种基本类型讲解和练习 一、定义 ????简单句：如果句中只有一个主谓结构，而且各个成分都只由单词或短语表示，称为简单句。如： ????My father goes to work at 8:00 every day. 我的爸爸每天八点钟去上班。 ????You can go swimming tomorrow. 你们可以明天去游泳。 ????They went to Beijing last week.? 他们上个星期去北京了。 ????My mother and I like eating fish. 我和妈妈都爱吃鱼。 ????句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、宾语和状语等组成的，依照其组合方式，简单句为五种基本句型。 二、具体用法 ????（一）主语＋不及物动词。如： ????We work everyday. ????She studies hard. ????I often get up at six. ????（二）主语＋及物动词＋宾语。如： ????I often play football after class. ????I like skating very much. ????（三）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 ????主??? 语：动作的执行者； ????谓??? 语：说明主语做什么； ????间接宾语：说明动作是对谁做的或为谁做的； ????直接宾语：动作的承受者或行为的结果； ????1. He gave me some chocolate. ????2. She passed him the cheese ????（四）主语+系动词+表语 ????系动词：由be动词来充当，也由一些实义动词来做系动词； ????表? 语：说明主语是什么或怎么样，用名词、形容词或相当于名词、形容词的词或短语来充当，和系动词一起构成谓语。表语也可以由数词、动名词不定式短语、名词来充当。 ????1. Liu Xiang is twenty-one ????2. Lucy is clever ????（五）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 ????主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词 ????1. Good food keeps you healthy. ????2. Keep the child quiet. ????主语+及物动词+宾语+名词 ????2. She made him chairman. ????主语+及物动词+宾语+副词/介词短语 ????1. I found you in. ????2. We play basketball well. 三、习题精选 Ⅱ、口头翻译下列句子，标出句子的主语和谓语。 ????1. He is standing by the sea. ????2. A yellow cat was sitting in the tree. ????3. He often walked in the rain before. ????4. They are still reading in the classroom. ????5. I can write with your help. Ⅲ、标出下列句子的直接宾语和间接宾语。 ????1. Can you do me a favor? ????2. Lei Feng set us a good example. ????3. He found me my bike. ????4. Tom lent her some money. ????5. Ill write you a letter tonight. Ⅳ、标出下列句子的系动词。 ????1. We should keep cool. ????2. When did you become a teacher? ????3. How nice the meet smells! ????4. KFC tastes nice. Ⅴ、标出下列句子的宾语补足语。 ????1. We must keep the room clean. ????2. Internet makes our life better. ????3. The teacher found the boy clever. ????4. They get everything ready in time. ?? 参考答案： Ⅰ、 ????1~5? ACBAC????6~10? CABCB????11~15? CACBA????16~20? BCCAA ????21~25? ABACB????26~30? AACC