大学学位论文-林产化工.docVIP

林产化工毕业论文 题目：苦味酸羧甲基纤维素酯的制备及其对肌酐吸附性能研究 专业： 林产化工 摘要 慢性肾功能衰竭是一种以临床中毒症状为特征的严重疾病，病因主要是体内积蓄了大量的毒素，因此去除体内过量的毒素是治疗慢性肾衰竭的关键，其中尿素和肌酐是患者体内积聚的两种主要毒素。本研究以羧甲基纤维素和苦味酸作为原料，设计合成一种新型治疗慢性肾衰竭的口服性吸附剂-苦味酸羧甲基纤维素酯,并将其应用于对尿素和肌酐的吸附。 以羧甲基纤维素（CMC）和苦味酸（PA）做为原料，采用条件温和的酰氯化合成的方法制备苦味酸羧甲基纤维素酯（CMC-PA）。通过FTIR、元素分析、XRD、CPMA 13CNMR等对其结构进行表征，以氮质量分数作为量化指标，考察了反应温度、反应时间、物料比、吡啶的用量对CMC-PA制备的影响。红外光谱、元素分析、CPMAS13CNMR表明CMC-PA已生成；通过单因素实验得出合成条件为：m(苦味酸)：m（酰化的羧甲基纤维素）=2：1，吡啶用量为50ml,反应温度85°C，反应时间4h，在模拟人体生理介质的条件下，测定了CMC-PA对肌酐的吸附性能，绘制了吸附动力学曲线，吸附等温曲线。结果表明，CMC-PA对肌酐的吸附平衡时间为10h,对肌酐的最大吸附量为1.75mg/g.肌酐在CMC-PA上的吸附平衡符合Freundich方程，说明主要是化学吸附，且吸附指数（1/n）小于1，表明吸附为“优惠吸附”。 关键词：羧甲基纤维素；苦味酸；肌酐；吸附平衡；吸附动力学曲线；吸附等温曲线；  Prearation of Carboxymethylcellulose Picric Acid Ester and Adsorption Property for Creatinine Abstract Chronic renal failure(CRF)is severe disease which is characterized by clinical symptom of poisoning , depositing large numbers of toxins in organism is the main cause of CRF,therefore Removal of the excess toxins is the key problem for the treatment of CRF. Urea and creatinine are two of the major toxins to the patient who suffered from chronic renal failure. In this study, the new oral adsorbent named carboxymethylcellulose-based picric acid(CMC-PA) was prepared from carboxymethylcellulos(CMC) and picric acid(PA) and their adsorption for creatinine and urea were studied. Ether of carboxymethylcellulose-based picric acid(CMC-PA) was prepared from carboxymethylcellulos(CMC) and picric acid(PA) by the mild reactive conditions of acidylation with chloric.The strcture of CMC-PA was characterized by FTIR,Element analysis,XRD and CPMAS13C NMR.Influences of reaction conditions,such as reaction temperature,recation time,ratio of CMC to PA and amount of pyridine,