《精》选修课-定语从句.pptVIP

形容词性从句—基本概念 1. 也叫“定语从句”，“关系从/分句”。 2. 引导词（关系词）： ①关系代词：主语、宾语、介宾,表语 ②关系限定词：定语（whose, which） ③关系副词：状语 ④一些特殊关系词 (as. but, than, whereby, wherein, whereupon, etc. 只用于非限制性定语从句中) 3. 未必总是做定语，非限制性定语从句有时相当于一个并列分句或状语从句。 例 证--1 1. Any man who smokes cigarettes is, the doctors say, risking his health. 2. My cousin , who is an engineer, went to Europe last week. 3. This is the reason （that） she did so. 4. In the ten days I was there I gained four pounds in weight. 5. This book , which only appeared a year ago, has already gone through several editions. 例 证—2(主从句逻辑关系) 6. Many of Welsh people are going to settle in North Carolina, where land is cheap. 7. They had a fine walk, which had done his liver good. 8. I’m seeing the manager tomorrow, when he will be back from New York. 形容词性从句—分类 限制性定语从句 1. 关系紧凑，译为“……的人/物”； 2. 无标点分开； 3. 引导词不同； 4.引导词有时候能省。 非限制性定语从句 1. 关系疏松，单独翻译成句；甚至译为并列或其他关系。 2. 以“，” 分开； 3.不用that和why； 4. 任何时候，关系词不能省。 限制性关系分句—关系词 1. 关系代词： ①主语： who, that ② 宾语： whom, which (fml) who/that, that,或省略（infml） 现代英语强烈趋势：(that) ③ 介宾：prep. + whom/which (fml) who/that, that,或省略+ prep. （infml，介词后置） ④表语：that 2. 关系限定词：即定语（whose，which） （注：非…从句中则whose 和which） 3. 关系副词：状语（when, where, why） 4. 一些特殊关系词：as. but, than, whereby, wherein, whereupon, etc. 限制性关系分句的关系词/引导词—主语 1. 他就是住在我们隔壁的那个人。 He is the man who lives next door to us. 2. 他开一辆时速150里的车。 He drives a car that travels 150 miles an hour. 限制性关系分句的关系词/引导词—宾语 3.我今天早上看到的那个人在哪？ Where is the man _________ I saw this morning? 4. 这就是你想要的那本书。 This is the book ______ you wanted. answer: 4. whom (who/that/省) 5. which (that /省) 强烈趋势： (that) 限制性关系分句的关系词/引导词— 介宾（1） 5. This is the house. We wrote to you about it. ---This is the house about which we wrote to you. (fml:前置) …………….. that we wrote to you about. (infml 介词后置) ……………... we wrote to yo