动词不定式探究.ppt

考点： 1. 不定式的否定形式； 2. 不定式的时态、语态； 3.不定式的句法功能，和动名词、分词句法功能区别； 4.不定式的主动形式表示被动的情况； 5.固定用法； 6.特殊情况。 1. 作主语 2)用it作形式主语用不定式（不定式短语作主语时，经常用it做形式主语，把不定式短语放在后边） (It + be + adj. / n. + to do sth) 2. 作宾语 只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀： 决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 want ∕ would like to do sth. 想做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某 need to do sth. 需要做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 afford to do 能做某事 be used to do 被用来做 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 can’t wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事 make up one’s mind to do 下决心做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事 fail to do 未能做某事 need/want/require sth need/ want/ require doing= sth need/ want/ require to be done 某事需要被做 3. 宾语补足语： 1）ask 类（v+sb to do sth） want / wish / order/ like /would like / help force /allow / permit /forbid / advise/ consider… She asked me to help her. The teacher told him to come on time. 接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀： 请求与命令 ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 想要邀请期待鼓励与建议 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 答应告诫允许提醒和帮助 promise sb. to do 答应某人做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 告诫某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 省略to的情况: 使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看 feel/ hear, listen to/ let,make, have, / look at, see, watch, notice had better （not）do sth. 最好(不)做… why not /why don’t you do sth为什么不做…? help sb.（to）do sth Would rather宁愿做… would you please 情态动词+do 助动词+do 区分下列词组: see sb. doing/ do sth. hear sb. doing/ do sth. watch sb. doing/ do sth. notice sb. doing/ do sth. 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel + do表示动作的完整性， +doing 表示动作的进行性。 注意：被动语态中不能省去to。 1.He was made _________. go B. gone