三、名词性从句.pptVIP

三、名词性从句 语法精讲 考点一　名词性从句引导词的功能及判断方法 1.从属连词that,whether,if (1)that只起连接作用,没有意义,不作句子成分,引导宾语从句时常可省略。 She expressed the hope that she would come to China one day. 她表达了有一天要来中国的愿望。 I heard (that) he won first prize. 我听说他得了一等奖。 (2)whether和if表示“是否”,但在从句中只起连接作用,不作句子成分。除 在宾语从句中常可互换外,主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句一般由 whether连接。 Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是个问题。 2.连接代词what,who,whom,which,whose及wh-ever等 它们在从句中作成分。what/whatever指物,作主语、宾语、定语、表 语;who/whoever指人,在从句中作主语;whom/whomever在从句中作宾 语;whose在从句中作定语;which/whichever指人或物作定语、主语、宾 语。带-ever后缀的连接词意义上有“任何……”之意。 What I want to know is this.我想知道的就这点。 You can buy whatever you need in the shop. 在这家商店你能买到任何你需要的东西。 3.连接副词when,where,why,how等 它们在从句中作状语。when表时间;why表原因;where表地点;how表方式。 This is why I came here.这是我为什么来这的原因。 I have no idea where he went.我不知道他去了哪里。 I don’t know when I will see her again. 我不知道何时才能再见到她。 4.as if/though,because引导表语从句 (1)as if/though表示“好像”,从句可以用陈述语气,也可以 用虚拟语气。 It sounds as if/though she’d been really ill. 听起来她病得不轻。 (2)because表示“原因”。 He was sent to the hospital and that’s because he was badly injured in the accident. 他被送进了医院是因为他在事故中受了重伤。 易混易错 1.why与because的区别 because引导表语从句时表示一件事情的起因;而why引导表语从句时强调因果 关系中的“果”。 He was badly hurt and that’s why he wasn’t present at the meeting. 他受伤严重,那是他为什么没能出席会议的原因。(强调后果) He wasn’t present at the meeting and that’s because he was badly hurt. 他没能出席会议是因为他受了重伤。(强调起因) 2.that与what的区别 名词性从句中,当句意完整且不缺少成分时,往往用that;而what引导名词性从句 时,意为“所……的(东西)”(有时可以不译),在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 What was most important to her,she told me,was her family. 她告诉我,对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。 China is no longer what she used to be. 中国再也不是从前的中国了。 3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别 同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明,引导词 that只起引导作用,不在句中作任何成分,一般不可省略。定语从 句是对前面名词进行修饰、限制,引导词在句中作一定的句子成分。 The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。(此句为同位语从句,进 一步解释“the news”的内容) The news you told me yesterday was really disappoi