持续犯中的承继共犯研究.docVIP

摘 要 共同犯罪是刑法总论中非常复杂、深奥的一个问题。我国刑法理论认为，共同犯罪可以分为事前通谋的共同犯罪与事前无通谋的共同犯罪。前者指共犯人的共同犯罪故意在着手实行犯罪前形成。后者即指共同犯罪人的共犯故意，是在着手实行之际或实行犯罪的过程中形成。在司法实践中，常常出现承继的共同犯罪的现象，即先行为人已经着手实施某一犯罪行为，但在犯罪行为实施过程中尚未实质完结前，后行为人通过与先行为人进行意思沟通，加入到实行行为中，以共同犯意加功于犯罪结果的发生。承继共犯属于事前无通谋的共同犯罪，是共同犯罪的一种特殊形态，存在着与普通共同犯罪不同的特质。承继共犯理论的核心问题是后行为人的刑事责任问题，具体包括：一是后行为人是否应对先行为人先行实施的部分犯罪行为同先、后行为人共同实施的后续犯罪行为所构成的整个犯罪承担共犯责任，即承继共犯的承认与否问题；二是后行为人是否应对其参与犯罪前先行为人所实施的部分犯罪行为及其结果承担刑事责任，即在承认承继共犯的基础上，后行为人的责任范围问题。对于是否承认承继共犯的存在以及承继共犯的责任承担上，国内外刑法学者各执己见。本文通过借鉴中外学者对承继共犯的认定、构成、责任承担等理论研究，结合现实中发生的一起绑架案件，探讨承继共犯的特征、成立条件以及后行为人的刑事责任问题。 关键词：共同犯罪；承继共犯；责任承担 Abstract The theory of joint crime is an important and complicated problem in the general provisions of criminal law.China’s criminal law theory thinks that joint crime can be divided into premeditated joint crime and non-premeditated joint crime.The former refers to the intentional accomplice formed before embarking on crime.The latter refers to the intentional accomplice formed in embarking on crime or in the process of committing a crime.And in the judicial practice often appear this kind of circumstance,which called successive joint crime,namely first is already embarked on a crime,but in crime have not yet implemented during the process of implementing the offender through,with first after a mean communication,to join to conduct the occurrence of crime result with common practice among the joint criminal intention.Successive joint crime belongs to the non-premeditated joint crime,and it is a kind of special form as a joint crime,which has different qualities compared with ordinary joint crime.The core problem of successive joint crime theory is the criminal liability of the latter doer,specific including:one is whether or nor the latter doer should take the responsibility of the whole crime that caused by early doer’s criminal behavior and all doers’ subsequent crime behavior,namely recognize successive accomplice or not.The second is whether the latter doer should burden th