ppt课件-insulators101-ieeeentitywebhosting.pptVIP

“Insulators 101”Section A – IntroductionPresented by Andy SchwalmIEEE Chairman, Lightning and Insulator SubcommitteeIEEE/PES 2010 Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition New Orleans, Louisiana April 20, 2010 What Is an Insulator? An insulator is a “dam***” poor conductor! And more, technically speaking! An insulator is a mechanical support! Primary function - support the “line” mechanically Secondary function– electrical Air is the insulator Outer shells/surfaces are designed to increase leakage distance and strike distance What Does an Insulator Do? Maintains an Air Gap Separates Line from Ground length of air gap depends primarily on system voltage, modified by desired safety margin, contamination, etc. Resists Mechanical Stresses “everyday” loads, extreme loads Resists Electrical Stresses system voltage/fields, overvoltages Resists Environmental Stresses heat, cold, UV, contamination, etc. Basically grew out of the needs of the telegraph industry – starting in the late 1700s, early 1800s Early history centers around what today we would consider very low DC voltages Gradually technical needs increased as AC voltages grew with the development of the electric power industry History Glass plates used to insulate telegraph line DC to Baltimore Glass insulators became the ”norm” soon thereafter – typical collector’s items today Many, many trials with different materials – wood – cement – porcelain - beeswax soaked rag wrapped around the wire, etc. Ultimately porcelain and glass prevailed History Wet process porcelain developed for high voltage applications Porcelain insulator industry started History US trials of first “NCIs” – cycloaliphatic based Not successful, but others soon became interested and a new industry started up History NCI insulator industry really begins in US with field trials of insulators Since that time - new manufacturers, new designs, new materials NCIs at “generation X” – there have been so many i