毕业论文—模糊控制的理论与发展概述.doc

模糊控制的理论与发展概述 摘要 模糊控制理论是以模糊数学为基础,用语言规则表示方法和先进的计算机技术,由模糊推理进行决策的一种高级控制策。模糊控制作为以模糊集合论、模糊语言变量及模糊逻辑推理为基础的一种计算机数字控制，它已成为目前实现智能控制的一种重要而又有效的形式尤其是模糊控制和神经网络、遗传算法及混沌理论等新学科的融合，正在显示出其巨大的应用潜力。实质上模糊控制是一种非线性控制，从属于智能控制的范畴。模糊控制的一大特点是既具有系统化的理论，又有着大量实际应用背景。 本文简单介绍了模糊控制的概念及应用，详细介绍了模糊控制器的设计，其中包含模糊控制系统的原理、模糊控制器的分类及其设计元素。 关键词：模糊控制；模糊控制器；现状及展望 Abstract Fuzzy control theory is based on fuzzy mathematics, using language rule representation and advanced computer technology, it is a high-level control strategy which can make decision by the fuzzy reasoning. Fuzzy control is a computer numerical contro which based fuzzy set theory, fuzzy linguistic variables and fuzzy logic, it has become the effective form of intelligent control especially in the form of fuzzy control and neural networks, genetic algorithms and chaos theory and other new integration of disciplines, which is showing its great potential. Fuzzy control is essentially a nonlinear control, and subordinates intelligent control areas. A major feature of fuzzy control is both a systematic theory and a large number of the application background. This article introduces simply the concept and application of fuzzy control and introduces detailly the design of the fuzzy controller. It contains the principles of fuzzy control system, the classification of fuzzy controller and its design elements. Key words: Fuzzy Control; Fuzzy Controller; Status and Prospects. 引言 传统的常规PID控制方式是根据被控制对象的数学模型建立，虽然它的控制精度可以很高，但对于多变量且具有强耦合性的时变系统表现出很大的误差。比例调节是根据被调量和设定值之间的差值来变化的，也就是说比例控制中余差不可避免。积分调节最终实现无余差调节，但是超调比较大。模糊控制是建立在人工经验基础之上的,它能将熟练操作员的实践经验加以总结和描述,并用语言表达出来,得到定性的、精确的控制规则,不需要被控对象的数学模型。并且模糊控制易于被人们接受,构造容易,适应性好。 The introduction Traditional way of conventional PID control was established according to the mathematical model of controlled object, although it can be very high control precision, but for the multi-variableand time-varying systems with strong coupling showed great error. Proportional control is based on the difference in value between set va