均相和非均相催化剂-英文PPT[精选].pptVIP

reading representation CATALYST catalysts consideration activity,selectivity,efficiency seperation of product,reactant and catalyst mechanical behaviour environmental performance feature of a catalyst classification homogeneous catalyst heterogeneous catalyst homogeneous catalyst advantage: high activity and selectivity -promote reaction from molecular size drawback: diffcult to recycle catalyst and seperate product -catalyst,product and reagent all in one phase homogeneous catalyst e g. metal-organic complex ,salt hetergeneous catalyst advantage: easy to seperate -catalyst,product and reagent in different phases drawback: low activity and selectivity -promote reaction mainly from phase interface hetergeneous catalyst e g. metal,metaloxide how to combine advantages 1. distribute catalyst,products and reagents into different phases -L-L,L-L-S systems and so on 2. immobilization of homogeneous catalyst - find a proper catalyst support 3.supported liquid-phase catalyst -find a support and a liquid film back-mixing engineering factors back-mixing is beneficial to reaction system back-mixing is unfavorable to reaction system back-mixing is always caused by stirring whichproduces a shearing force field back-mixing is needed to L-L system shearing force field may break liquid into droplet, increases two phases contacting area to SL-PC useful shearing force field will destroy liquid films stability harmful a shearing force exists back-mixing is needless to L-L system two phases contacting area will be very limited to SL-PC harmful liquid films stability will elevate and catalyst could be used in a PFR useful a shearing force disappears SL-PCs structure support(inertia,specific surface ,aperture ) liquid film(moistening,non-volatile,solubility ,stability) active constituent (depend on reaction) preparation of SL-PC scout for proper stuff e g. Renay-nickel,Al2O3,controlled pore glass,polystyrene e g. high boiling point organic solvent,water,molten salt L-L system l