DaltonslawofPartialPressure.pptVIP

Dalton’s law of Partial Pressure Dalton’s law of partial pressures Collecting a gas over water Why do gases behave in the observed fashion? Distribution of Molecular Speed The meaning of temperature What is temperature? Temperature is a number that is related to the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance. If temperature is measured in Kelvin degrees, then this number is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of the molecules. The absolute zero is temperature at which the translational molecular motion should cease. What does change in temperature mean? Change in temperature means changes in the intensity of translational molecular motion. Why does temperature flow from high to low? why does hot plus cold become warm? A gas with higher temperature means greater random motions. When heat flows from one body to another, molecules in the higher temperature give up some of their kinetic energy through collisions with molecules in the lower temperature. The flow of heat continues until the average kinetic translational energy of the molecules become equal, that is the temperature become equalized. Ideal Geas Law from Kinetic-Molecular Theory Gas Properties Relating to the Kinetic-Molecular Theory Non-ideal (Real) Gases The Van der Waals Equation V is the volume of n mole of gas. The term n2a/V2 is related to intermolecular forces of attraction. A molecule about to collide with the wall is attract by other molecules, and this reduce its impact with the wall. The value b, called excluded volume per mole, is related to the volume of the gas molecules, and nb is subtracted from the measured volume to represent the free volume within the gas. Both a and b are specific values for particular gases, values that vary with temperature and pressure. * The simple gas laws and idea gas law apply to individual gases as well as to a mixture of nonreactive gases. What is responsible for the pressure in a gas mixture? Since the pressur