大学毕业论文---菊苣根中黄酮的提取工艺.docVIP

摘要 菊苣为多年生草本植物，源于欧洲，现在广泛分布亚洲、美洲。菊苣根中含有蛋白质、糖类、脂肪、黄酮、纤维素等营养物质，其中黄酮含量较高，黄酮是一类以苯色酮环为基础的酚类化合物，具有保肝、降压、利尿等功效。 本实验主要用单因素的实验方法，用超声波乙醇提取法和乙醇回流提取法提取黄酮，通过改变提取温度、乙醇浓度、提取时间、料液比，获得的提取液在紫外分光光度计下测其吸光度，通过其吸光度得到菊苣根中黄酮含量，通过两种方法的比较得到，乙醇回流提取法得到的黄酮含量较高，最优提取条件为：乙醇浓度70％，提取温度80℃，提取时间2.5h，料液比为1：20。再用正交实验优化乙醇回流提取法，得到对黄酮含量影响最大的是提取温度和乙醇浓度，其次是提取时间、料液比，在最佳提取条件下得最高总黄酮含量为7.74mg/g。 关键词：菊苣根；黄酮；提取；正交 Abstract Chicory is the perennial herb, mainly from Europe, now widely distributed in Asia, the America. Chicory root contains protein, carbohydrates, fats, flavonoids, cellulose and other nutrients, high flavonoid content, flavonoids are a class of phenolic compounds, benzene chromone ring has hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, diuretic and other effects. With the method of single factor experiments, this experiment applied ultrasonic ethanol extraction and hot water reflux extraction method flavonoids, by changing the extraction temperature, ethanol concentration, extraction time and liquid to solid ration in chicory root extract obtained under UV spectrophotometer measured absorbance by the absorbance, the results shows that hot water reflux extraction method obtained a higher flavonoid content, and final optimized conditions for extracting flavonoids was established, extracted 2.5 hours on 80℃, ethanol concentration 70% and solid to liquid ration 1:20. Then the orthogonal experiment to optimize the hot water reflux extraction method, and get to influence the flavonoid content is the extraction temperature and ethanol concentration, followed by the extraction time, solid to liquid ratio, the flavonoid content is 7.74mg / g under this optimum conditions. Keywords: chicory root；flavone；extract；orthogonality 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 第一章 前言 1 第二章 文献综述 3 2.1 菊苣的简介 3 2.1.1菊苣叶简介 3 2.1.2 菊苣根简介 4 2.2 总黄酮的简介 5 2.2.1 总黄酮的理化性质 5 2.2.2 总黄酮的功效成分 5 2.2.3总黄酮的营养价值 6 2.3菊苣根中总黄酮的提取方法 7 2.3.1超声波乙醇提取法 7 2.3.2乙醇回流提取法 8 2.3.3 微波辅助提取法 8 2.3.4 超临界提取法 8 2.3.5 加速溶剂提取法 9 2.4 菊苣根中总黄酮的测定方法 9 2