C2-Sti的mulus-Response-Agents.pptVIP

Chapter 2 Stimulus-Response Agents Xiu-jun GONG (Ph. D) School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University gongxj@ /faculties/gongxj/course/ai/ Outline What is the S-R agent Perception and Action Perception Action Boolean Algebra Clauses and Forms of Boolean Functions How to design a S-R agent Production Systems Networks The Subsumption Architecture What is an agent End user perspective-An agent is a program that assists people and acts on their behalf. functions by allowing people to delegate work to them System perspective An agent is a software object that is situated within an execution environment possesses the following mandatory properties Reactive, Autonomous, Goal driven may possess any of the following orthogonal properties Communicative, Mobile, Learning ,Believable A Robot in a 2D Grid World Environment Enclosed by boundaries Contains unmovable objects No tight spaces Spaces between objects and boundaries that are only one cell wide Task Go to a cell adjacent to a boundary or object and then follow that boundary along its perimeter The definition Stimulus-Response Agents (reactive agents) Machines that have no internal state and that simply react to immediate stimuli in their environments Based on motor response to rather simple functions of immediate sensory inputs Hypothesis Most activity isn’t planned out; it is just reaction Complex behaviors are just combinations of simple behaviors Can get further with this “bottom-up” approach than with the classical approach The robot example cont. Sensory Input Action east/ south/ west/ north Perceptual processing : produces feature vector Action computation : selects an action based on feature vector Perception processing For the robot task, there are four binary-valued features of the sensory values that are useful for computing an appropriate action Perceptual processing might occasionally give erroneous, ambiguous, or incomplete information about the robot’s environment Such erro