中國能源形势及能源政策和立法浅析.docVIP

Introduction Since the year 1979, China’ energy industry has made great advances because of China’ great reform and opening up. After more than 30 years development, now China is the largest energy producer and also the largest energy consumer country in the world. “ It has built up a comprehensive energy supply system comprising coal, electricity, petroleum, natural gas, and new and renewable energy resources.” Beside this complicated supply system, there are many other challenges that the Chinese government should deal with, for instance, because of the huge population of China, the per-capita share of Fossil energy resources is much lower than the average level of the world, also due to the irrational exploitation of these resources for decades the environment protection nowadays became a big issue for not only the government but also the whole society. For the aiming of dealing with these challenges, the government needs to establish a well running and efficient system to govern the energy industry. This essay will discuss the current situation of the China’ energy industry and the legislation in this area. Part I In the year of 2011, as the largest energy producer in the world, China’ primary energy output equaled 2.226 billion tons of standard oil, meanwhile the energy consumption of China equaled 2.436 billion tons of standard oil in this year. What is important which should be mentioned here is the net energy imports as percentage of energy consumption in China from the year 2005 to 2010: 6.6%, 7.8%, 8.9%, 9.2%, 12.7%, 14.4%. These percentages show that China is more relied on energy import these years. It is mainly due to two facts: 1. As a fast-growing economy, China is seeking for more resources from other countries to support its national energy industry to cover its shortage of the low energy resource endowment. BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2012 provides a good evidence to show how strong the energy consumption g