计算机网络课件交换机剖析.ppt

Slide 1 of 2 Purpose: Emphasize: Explain to the students why a layer 2 switch requires an IP address? Slide 1 of 1 Purpose: Emphasize: Note: The command to set the DNS server address is: wg_sw_a(config)#ip name-server ? A.B.C.D IP Address Slide 1 of 2 Purpose: Emphasize: Displaying the mac address table provides reference information for managing the address table, it also provides a reference should you want or need to revert to previous table information. Slide 2 of 2 Purpose: Emphasize: Note: The 1900en max mac address table size is 1024. Once the table is full, it will flood all new addresses until existing entries age out. The command to change the mac address table aging time is: wg_sw_a(config)#mac-address-table aging-time ? 10-1000000 Aging time value The default is 300sec. The MAC address table is also referred to as the CAM table (Content Address Memory) on some switches. Slide 1 of 1 Purpose: Emphasize: Note: This is the output from a Cat 1924. It has 27 fixed Ethernet interfaces. * Slide 2 of 2 Purpose: Emphasize: * Slide 1 of 1 Purpose: Emphasize: * Slide 1 of 1 Purpose: Emphasize: A looped topology is often desired to provide redundancy, but looped traffic is undesirable. The Spanning Tree protocol was originally designed for bridges. Today, it is also applied to LAN switches and routers operating as a bridge. STP ensures all bridged segments are reachable but any points where loops occur will be blocked. 桥ID（Bridge Identifier）：桥ID是桥的优先级和其MAC地址的综合数值，其中桥优先级是一个可以设定的参数。桥ID越低，则桥的优先级越高，这样可以增加其成为根桥的可能性。 根桥（Root Bridge）：具有最小桥ID的交换机是根桥。请将环路中所有交换机当中最好的一台设置为根桥交换机，以保证能够提供最好的网络性能和可靠性。 指定桥（Designated Bridge）：在每个网段中，到根桥的路径开销最低的桥将成为指定桥，数据包将通过它转发到该网段。当所有的交换机具有相同的根路径开销时，具有最低的桥ID的交换机会被选为指定桥。 根路径开销（Root Path Cost）：一台交换机的根路径开销是根端口的路径开销与数据包经过的所有交换机的根路径开销之和。根桥的根路径开销是零。 根端口（Root Port）：非根桥的交换机上离根桥最近的端口，负责与根桥进行通信，这个端口到根桥的路径开销最低。当多个端口具有相同的到根桥的路径开销时，具有最高端口优先级的端口会成为根端口。 指定端口（Designated Port）：指定桥上向本交换机转发数据的端口。 端口优先级（Port Priority）：数值范围从0到255，值越小，端口的