地質地貌学课程实验报告.doc

地质地貌学课程实验报告 学号：061102140 姓名：赵家一 年级：2011级 日期：11.12.15 指导老师：焦述强 Describe the feature of following rocks: Granite It is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock. Granite usually has a medium- to coarse-grained texture. Granites can be pink to gray in color, depending on their chemistry and mineralogy. Physical characteristics average density 2.65- 2.75 g/cm3 compressive strength above 200 MPa Melting temperature 1215 - 1260 °C. viscosity (near STP) 3-6 ? 1019 Pa·s water content 0.13 % Granite hard dense, high strength, weathering resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, low water absorption, beautiful color can save more than a hundred years, is building a good material, but it does not heat. Granite is an igneous rock with at least 20% quartz by volume. Granites sometimes occur in circular depressions surrounded by a range of hills, formed by the metamorphic aureole or hornfels. Granite is usually found in the continental plates of the Earths crust. Basalt Basalt is a kind of underground lava ejected from a volcano or from the surface cracks in the overflow condensation formation of igneous rocks. It is usually grey to black and fine-grained due to rapid cooling of lava at the surface of a planet. It may be porphyritic containing larger crystals in a fine matrix, or vesicular, or frothy scoria. Unweathered basalt is black or grey. The basaltic magma viscosity, fluidity, surface easy to form the massive eruption of lava flows and lava, but also has a layered intrusion. In the plateau region often form the area of thousands to hundreds of thousands of square kilometers of the lava plateau, known as plateau basalts, such as the India of the Deccan Plateau basalt. In the ocean it becomes ridge and volcano island. Basalt is the main ingredient of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, three to two of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide ( there is a small amount of potassium oxide, sodium oxi