Lect和ure 10 CIS.pptVIP

BUS4520Computer Information Systems Lecture 10 Computer Information Systems in Organizations People, Decisions and Information Levels of Users Office Automation Systems (OAS) Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) Management Information Systems (MIS) Executive Support Systems (ESS) Decision Support Systems (DSS) Expert Systems (ES) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Executive managers Make long range plans and software goals for the organization. Called strategic planning Select the mission statement Cultivate relationships with bankers, politicians and other industry leaders Tactical planning Responsible for designing ways to achieve the plans laid out by executive managers. Decide how to deploy human, financial, and natural resources to achieve organization goals Operational planning Deal with day-to-day scheduling and monitoring operations Schedule and monitor workers and processes Evolution of Information Systems Problems prior to availability of integrated ERP systems ERP systems evolved due to: Development of computer hardware and software Data processing jobs on main frames Relational databases 1960s and 1970s - Smaller, faster computers (PC revolution) Manufacturing roots of ERPs MRP (1960s to 1970s) 1980s and 1990s ‘downsizing’, reorganisation Hard economic times Production Planning Functional areas and business processes A typical company that make products have the following main functional areas of operation: Marketing and sales marketing, sales order processing, customer relationship management, customer support, sales forecasting, advertising Production and materials management purchasing, logistics, production scheduling, manufacturing, maintenance Accounting and finance financial accounting, cost allocation, planning, budgeting, cash-flow management Human resources hiring, training, payroll Activities Producing documents Tracking schedules Making calculations Facilitating communications among employees Technology Software WP, Spreadsh