APIC 2^01405原料药厂清洁验证指南：5.0 清洁级别.docVIP

APIC 201405原料药厂清洁验证指南：5.0 清洁级别 5.0 Levels of Cleaning 清洁级别 5.1 Introduction 介绍 The manufacturing process of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) typically consists of various chemical reaction and purification steps followed by physical changes. In general, early steps undergo further processing and purification and so potential carryover of the previous product would be removed. 原料药的生产工艺一般由不同化学品经过反应和纯化步骤，再经过一些物理变化组成。一般来说，较早的步骤会经进进一步处理和纯化，因此上一产品潜在的残留会被清除掉。 The level of cleaning required in order to ensure that the API is free from unacceptable levels of contamination by previous substances varies depending on the step being cleaned and the next substance being manufactured in the same piece of equipment (train). 为保证下一原料药被上一产品污染水平可接受，所需进行的清洁程度取决于清洁所针对的工艺步骤，以及在同一设备（链）中生产的下一产品。 API`s and related intermediates are often produced in multi-purpose equipment with frequent product changes which results in a high amount of cleaning. To minimize the cleaning effort the concept of using different levels of cleaning as a function of the level of risk related with the possible carryover may be applied without affecting the safety of the API. 原料药和相关的中间体一般会在多用途设备中生产，频繁的更换产品会导致大量的清洁操作。为了将清洁工作量降至最小，在不影响原料药的安全性的前提下，可以考虑使用不同的清洁级别来应对与可能的残留相关的不同风险水平。 5.2 Cleaning levels 清洁级别 It is recommended that at least three levels of cleaning in the production of a commercial product may be implemented. This approach is outlined in the table below, however it should be mentioned that additional levels might be necessary depending on the nature of the process and requirements of individual companies but should always be based on risk assessment where the characteristics of the previous and subsequent products such as solubility, recovery studies, nature of residues, process step, etc. should be considered. 在商业化产品生产中，推荐使用至少3个清洁水平。以下表格中列出了该方法，但值得一提的是，根据各公司的工艺特性和要求，可能需要增加更多水平。不管怎样，要始终基于风险评估，考虑上一次品和下一产品的特性，如溶解度、回收率研究、残留特性、工艺步骤等来做决定。 Level Thoroughness of cleaning Cleaning verification Cleanin