毕业论文___蛹虫草菌丝体多糖提取方法的研究.docVIP

摘 要 蛹虫草属真菌类物质，其菌丝体具有很高的药用价值和营养价值，尤其是菌丝体中含有的多糖应用十分广泛并有较高的应用价值和开发潜力。 实验以蛹虫草菌丝体为原材料，以多糖的提取率为考察指标，比较了热水浸提法，超声波提取法和微波提取法对蛹虫草菌丝体中多糖的提取效果，并利用苯酚－硫酸法测定其多糖含量。实验结果表明，热水浸提法对菌丝体多糖的提取效果最佳，其次是超声波提取法和微波提取法。并采用正交实验法对影响有效成份提取的工艺条件进行了优化，最终确定蛹虫草菌丝体多糖提取的最佳工艺条件为：提取温度80℃，提取时间3h，提取次数为3次，液料比为10:1。 关键词：蛹虫草菌丝体；多糖；提纯；正交试验法 Abstract As the fungus substance，the cultured mycelia of Cordyceps militaris has a high medical and nutritional value, especially its polysaccharide has been widely used. It has a high application value and development potential. The experiment regards the cultured mycelia of Cordyceps militaris as the research material，the extraction rate of polysaccharides as indicators . To investigate the method applied in the extraction of polysaccharides in Cordyceps militaris mycelia．Water-extraction method，ultrasonic wave extraction and microwave extraction method were applied in the extraction of polysaccharides． The content of polysaccharides in mycelia was determined by phenol-vitriol method．The experiment result shows that the coarse polysaccharides extractive rate of water-extraction method was the best in Cordyceps militaris mycelia，followed by ultrasonic wave extraction and microwave extraction method. Orthogonal design was be used to assess the process conditions which influencing the extraction and separation ,and final optimized conditions for extracting exopolysaccharide was established, extracted 3 hours on 80℃，extraction 3 times and liquid to solid ration 10:1. Keywords: cultured mycelia of Cordyceps militaris；polysaccharide； purification；Orthogonal design method 目录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 前 言 1 第二章 文献综述 2 2.1 蛹虫草菌丝体 2 2.1.1 概述 2 2.1.2 成分 3 2.2 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖 5 2.2.1蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的结构 6 2.2.2蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的特点 6 2.2.3 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的功效 7 2.2.4 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的应用 9 2.3 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖提取方法 9 2.3.1一般提取法 9 2.3.2 超声波提取法 10 2.3.3 微波提取法 10 2.3.4 热回流提取法 11 2.3.5 分级沉淀法 11 2.3.6 超滤膜分离法 11 2.3.7 色谱法 12 2.3.8 季铵盐络合法 12 2.3.9 酸碱提取法 12 2.4 蛹虫草菌丝体多糖的测定方法 13 2.4.1 气相色谱法 13 2.4.2 高效液相色谱法 13 2.4.3 苯酚-硫酸法 13 2.4.4 离