解析化学中简答题简化方法[精选].docVIP

解析化学中简答题简化方法 简答题是近年化学高考中常呈现的题型。它首要考察学生对所学常识了解的精确性，思想的完好性，推理的紧密性和表述的条理性。近几年化学高考题中简答题的分值占到１０％左右，在总分值中已占有必定的份量。简答题看起来好像不难，但要精确答复确不易，学生多感到有力无处使，形成失分较多。学生在简答题中常见过错是：①基础常识不结实，对有关概念、基本理论了解不透彻，不能答复出常识要害；②思想混乱，缺少紧密的逻辑思想才能；③表达不标准，不能用精确的化学用语答复疑问。怎么才干精确、完好、简练、谨慎地答复此类题呢？我以为，除应加强基础常识教育外，还应培育学生仔细审题、捉住答题的要害和要害、运用精确化学用语表述疑问的才能。此外，还要加强此类题解法的辅导。下面就以近年高题为例，剖析这类题的答复办法。The simple answer is often appears in recent years the chemical in the college entrance examination questions. It mainly inspects the student to understand the accuracy of knowledge, ideological integrity, logic reasoning tightness and expression. In recent years, the chemical examination questions of short answer scores accounted for about 10%, has occupied a certain amount in the total score. The simple answer seems not difficult, but it is not easy to accurately answer, students feel have no place to make a strong, the formation of lost more. The student is a common fault in the short answer: basic common sense is not strong, the related concepts, basic theories are not well understood, not answer common sense; the ideological confusion, lack of close logic thinking ability; the expression is not standard, not accurate answer questions in chemistry. How to accurate, complete, concise, careful to answer such questions? I think, should strengthen basic education, but also should cultivate students to carefully examines the topic, catch the answer key and key, the use of accurate chemical expression question to. In addition, but also to strengthen the solving methods of counseling. Following on recent high problem as an example, analysis of this kind of question answer way.例１．８０℃时，纯水的ｐＨ值小于７，为什么？Cases of 1.80 ℃, pure water pH value is less than 7, why?答案：水的电离Ｈ２ＯＨ＋＋ＯＨ－是一个吸热反响。室温时，纯水中［Ｈ＋］＝［ＯＨ－］＝１０－７摩／升，因此ｐＨ＝－１ｇ［Ｈ＋］＝７。但温度升高到８０℃时，水的电离度增大，［Ｈ＋］和［Ｈ－］均大于１０－７摩／升，故ｐＨ＝－ｌｇ［Ｈ＋］＜７。Answer: water ionization H2O HOH is an endothermic reaction. At room temperature, pure water ( H + ) = ( OH ) = 10 - 7 friction / L, pH = 1g ( H + )