(时态语态学生讲义及练习.docxVIP

雅思语法 时态语态I.动词时态和语态的构成形式主动语态的构成一般现在时一般过去时do/does,( is/am/are )did,(was/were)现在进行时过去进行时is/am/are doingwas/were doing现在完成时过去完成时has/have donehad done现在完成进行时过去完成进行时has/have been doinghad been doing一般将来时过去将来时will/shall dois/am/are going to dois/am/are（about）to dowould/should dowas/were going to dowas/were（about）to do被动语态的构成一般现在时一般过去时is/am/are donewas/were done现在进行时过去进行时is/am/are being donewas/were being done现在完成时过去完成时has/have been donehad been done一般将来时过去将来时will/shall be doneis/am/are going to be doneis/am/are（about）to be donewould/should be donewas/were going to be donewas/were（about）to be doneII.动词时态的用法1.一般现在时①一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等;②主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来;I’ll go there after I finish my work.If it rains tomorrow,I won’t go there.③在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作;There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which_____ the Pacific,and we met no storm.A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called2.现在进行时①表示正在进行的动作；②表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。She is leaving for Beijing. He is working as a teacher tomorrow.③代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.The sun is rising in the east.④与always, forever, constantly, continually连用，表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩，但并非强调动作正在进行； He is always helping others.She is always forgetting something.⑤大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。常见的有：▲感觉类：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear▲情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear▲心态类：wish, hope, expect, want, need, believe, think, understand, agree, knowt▲所有类：have, contain, won, hold, belong to等。3.现在完成时 ①表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作；I have finished the report./ She has cleaned the room. ②表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for...”, “since...”表述的一段时间状语连用；He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.③表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”；表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to”。—Where is Li Hua?－He has gone to the reading-room.—She k