(英语口语准确翻译.docVIP

第一章 Electronic amplifiers are used mainly to increase the voltage , current ,or power of a signal . 电子放大器主要是用来增强电压，电流或信号（信号功率）的强度 A linear amplifier provides signal amplification with little or no distortion , so that the output is proportional to the input .线性的放大器能几乎无失真地放大信号，从而使输出与输入相称 A nonlinear amplifier may produce a considerable change in the waveform of the signal .非线性放大器在信号的波形方面会产生相当大的变动 Linear amplifiers are used for audio and video signals , whereas nonlinear amplifier find use in oscillators , power electronics , modulators , mixers , logic circuits , and other applications where an amplitude cutoff is desired . 线性放大器用于音频信号，而非线性放大器用于振荡器，电力电子学，调节器，混音器，逻辑电路以及其他的要求振幅中断的器材 Although vacuum tubes played a major role in amplifiers in the past , today either discrete transistor circuits or integrated circuits are mostly used .尽管真空管在过去的放大器中充当了主要的角色，而如今最常用的是离散的晶体管电路或集成电路 第二章 Configurable computing is still an extremely young field .可配置计算仍然是极年轻的领域 Although Gerald Estrin of the University of California at Los Angeles proposed configurable computing in the late 1960s , the first demonstrations did not occur until a few years ago , and current FPGAs ,with up to 100,000 logic elements , still do not come close to exploiting the full possibilities of the technique . 虽然可配置计算是由洛杉矶加州大学的杰拉尔德艾斯特林在1960年代末期提出的，但是在几年前才首次展示给世人，甚至，含有十万个逻辑元件的电流FPGA（现场可编程门阵列复杂指令集计算’s Pentium III and Advanced Micro Devices Inc.’s Athlon must still work with all troublesome CISC instructions that were designed in the 1980s , even though their original advantage-memory conservation-isn’t as important .尽管如此，为了维持软件兼容性，诸如英特尔奔腾3和AMD公司（高级微设备公司）的速龙这样的现代芯片，虽然它们最初的优势存储保护不是那么重要，但都还是用1980年代设计的令人费劲的CISC指令处理。 第四章 The TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) protocol suite supports the Internet , the single largest computer network in the world . TCP/IP（传输控制协议/互联网协议）支持全世界单个最大计算机网络，也即是互联网。 The Internet is not a single network .Rather ,it is an internet consisting of many smaller networks . 互联网