隔离开关触头在线测温研究.docxVIP

隔离开关触头在线测温研究Research on temperature online monitoring of isolated switch contactsFeng Jianyu, Wei Yu Cun, Liu Xuemei, Ren Zhengmou (Shaanxi Regional Electric Power Group Co., Ltd.)Qiao Yanze, Wang Fenghua, Liu Yawei (Pinggao Group Co., Ltd., Pingdingshan City 467000, Henan Province)Abstract: As the voltage level continuously improve the requirement of the power supply reliability is getting higher and higher. The high-voltage isolation switch is used a largest amount of all high-voltage switchgears in power system, usually 2 to 4 times the number of high-voltage circuit breakers. High-voltage isolation switch runs in the state of the high-voltage, high-current, so its operational reliability has a close relationship with temperature rise of the contact. During grid operation the mechanical vibration, contact ablation and other reasons could deteriorate the contact conditions make the contact resistance increase, cause the temperature rise of the contact point, exacerbate the contact surface oxidation, result in local welding or arcing at the loosened part of the contact, eventually lead to a damage of the electrical equipment and even power outages or other major incidents. Therefore, the contact temperature online monitoring is very significant.Keywords: high-voltage, reliability, contact, online monitoring摘要：随着电网电压等级不断提高，用电设备对供电可靠性的要求也越来越高。高压隔离开关是电力系统中使用量最大的高压开关设备，通常是高压断路器使用数量的2～4倍。高压隔离开关在高电压、大电流状态下运行，其工作可靠性与触头温升有着密切的关系[1]。在电网运行过程中，机械振动、触头烧蚀等原因都可能使接触条件恶化，接触电阻增加，引起接触点温度升高，加剧接触表面氧化，导致局部熔焊或接触松动处产生电弧放电，最终造成电气设备的损坏甚至停电等重大事故。因此，对触头温度进行在线监测意义重大。关键词：高电压、可靠性、触头、在线监测隔离开关触头过热原因分析GW4型户外交流隔离开关因其具有结构简单、纵向尺寸小、布置方便、操作轻便、规格品种齐全、适用范围广等特点,被电力系统广泛应用,具有十分重要的地位。但是，由于这种设备完全暴露在大气环境中,受环境和气候条件影响严重,随着运行年限的增长,也暴露出一些缺点,其中导电回路过热是主要问题之一。要解决导电回路过热的问题，就必须充分了解GW4型高压隔离开关发生过热的部位和程度、分析和评估过热的发展趋势。通过调查统计发现，GW4型隔离开关的过热一股发生在触头、触指、接线座等接触部位。GW4型触头结构如图1所示。正常情况下,触指与触头、触指座的4个接触点,实际形成一个电桥电路。当合闸不到位或合闸过度造成触指末端接触不良时,电桥平衡被破坏,电流被迫从内置弹簧中流过。流过电流的大小与接触不良的程度相关。当弹簧长时间流过较大电流后,将使其退火,弹性减弱,降低接触压力,使接触电阻增大,接触不良情况进一步恶化,触头发热越加